日撸Java三百行 day19(字符串匹配)

MATH_Drill

已于 2023-05-28 15:49:38 修改

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分类专栏：日撸JAVA 文章标签： java

于 2023-04-30 22:29:34 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/icecokenuo/article/details/130452241

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该代码实现了一个名为MyString的类，包含查找子串位置的locate方法和生成新子串的substring方法。locate方法通过遍历比较每个字符来查找子串，substring方法则用于截取指定开始位置和长度的新字符串，同时检查边界是否越界。

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1. 字符串匹配

1.1 寻找子串在主串中的位置

public int locate(MyString paraMyString) {
	boolean tempMatch = false;
	for (int i = 0; i < length - paraMyString.length + 1; i++) {
		// Initialize.
		tempMatch = true;
		for (int j = 0; j < paraMyString.length; j++) {
			if (data[i + j] != paraMyString.data[j]) {
				tempMatch = false;
				break;
			} // Of if
		} // Of for j

		if (tempMatch) {
			return i;
		} // Of if
	} // Of for i

	return -1;
}// Of locate

运用tempMatch这个标兵来检查是否配对成功。

1.2 生成新的子串

public MyString substring(int paraStartPosition, int paraLength) {
	if (paraStartPosition + paraLength > length) {
		System.out.println("The bound is exceeded.");
		return null;
	} // Of if

	MyString resultString = new MyString();
	resultString.length = paraLength;
	for (int i = 0; i < paraLength; i++) {
		resultString.data[i] = data[paraStartPosition + i];
	} // Of for i

	return resultString;
}// Of substring

注意点:

1.越界的检查

2.注意这里的paraStartPosition是指开始的下标位置。

2. 总代码

package datastructure;

/**
 * My string. String is a class provide by the language, so I use another name.
 * It is essentially a sequential list with char type elements.
 * 
 * @author Yunhua Hu yunhuahu0528@163.com.
 */

public class MyString {

	/**
	 * The maximal length.
	 */
	public static final int MAX_LENGTH = 10;

	/**
	 * The actual length.
	 */
	int length;

	/**
	 * The data.
	 */
	char[] data;

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Construct an empty char array.
	 *********************
	 */
	public MyString() {
		length = 0;
		data = new char[MAX_LENGTH];
	}// Of the first constructor

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Construct using a system defined string.
	 *
	 * @param paraString
	 *            The given string. Its length should not exceed MAX_LENGTH - 1.
	 *********************
	 */
	public MyString(String paraString) {
		data = new char[MAX_LENGTH];
		length = paraString.length();

		// Copy data.
		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			data[i] = paraString.charAt(i);
		} // Of for i
	}// Of the second constructor

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Overrides the method claimed in Object, the superclass of any class.
	 ********************* 
	 */
	public String toString() {
		String resultString = "";

		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			resultString += data[i];
		} // Of for i

		return resultString;
	}// Of toString

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Locate the position of a substring.
	 *
	 * @param paraMyString
	 *            The given substring.
	 * @return The first positon. -1 for no matching.
	 *********************
	 */
	public int locate(MyString paraMyString) {
		boolean tempMatch = false;
		for (int i = 0; i < length - paraMyString.length + 1; i++) {
			// Initialize.
			tempMatch = true;
			for (int j = 0; j < paraMyString.length; j++) {
				if (data[i + j] != paraMyString.data[j]) {
					tempMatch = false;
					break;
				} // Of if
			} // Of for j

			if (tempMatch) {
				return i;
			} // Of if
		} // Of for i

		return -1;
	}// Of locate

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Get a substring.
	 *
	 * @param paraString
	 *            The given substring.
	 * @param paraStartPosition
	 *            The start position in the original string.
	 * @param paraLength
	 *            The length of the new string.
	 * @return The first position. -1 for no matching.
	 *********************
	 */
	public MyString substring(int paraStartPosition, int paraLength) {
		if (paraStartPosition + paraLength > length) {
			System.out.println("The bound is exceeded.");
			return null;
		} // Of if

		MyString resultString = new MyString();
		resultString.length = paraLength;
		for (int i = 0; i < paraLength; i++) {
			resultString.data[i] = data[paraStartPosition + i];
		} // Of for i

		return resultString;
	}// Of substring

	/**
	 *********************
	 * The entrance of the program.
	 *
	 * @param args
	 *            Not used now.
	 *********************
	 */
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		MyString tempFirstString = new MyString("I like ik.");
		MyString tempSecondString = new MyString("ik");
		int tempPosition = tempFirstString.locate(tempSecondString);
		System.out.println(
				"The position of \"" + tempSecondString + "\" in \"" + tempFirstString + "\" is: " + tempPosition);

		MyString tempThirdString = new MyString("ki");
		tempPosition = tempFirstString.locate(tempThirdString);
		System.out.println(
				"The position of \"" + tempThirdString + "\" in \"" + tempFirstString + "\" is: " + tempPosition);

		tempThirdString = tempFirstString.substring(1, 2);
		System.out.println("The substring is: \"" + tempThirdString + "\"");

		tempThirdString = tempFirstString.substring(5, 5);
		System.out.println("The substring is: \"" + tempThirdString + "\"");

		tempThirdString = tempFirstString.substring(5, 6);
		System.out.println("The substring is: \"" + tempThirdString + "\"");
	}// Of main
}// Of class MyString

输出: