【微服务记录】服务发现Consul

1 Consul简介

Consul是HashiCorp公司推出的开源工具，用于实现分布式系统的服务发现与配置。与其他分布式服务注册与发现的方案相比，Consul的方案更“一站式”，内置了服务注册与发现框 架、分布一致性协议实现、健康检查、Key/Value存储、多数据中心方案，不再需要依赖其他工具（比如ZooKeeper等）。使用起来也较 为简单。Consul用Golang实现，因此具有天然可移植性(支持Linux、windows和Mac OS X)；安装包仅包含一个可执行文件，方便部署，与Docker等轻量级容器可无缝配合。 

官网在

https://learn.hashicorp.com/consul

2 Consul安装和运行

下载地址https://www.consul.io/downloads.html

如MacOS下，直接下载zip包解压后放到/usr/local/bin/

Usage: consul [--version] [--help] <command> [<args>]

Available commands are:
    acl            Interact with Consul's ACLs
    agent          Runs a Consul agent
    catalog        Interact with the catalog
    connect        Interact with Consul Connect
    debug          Records a debugging archive for operators
    event          Fire a new event
    exec           Executes a command on Consul nodes
    force-leave    Forces a member of the cluster to enter the "left" state
    info           Provides debugging information for operators.
    intention      Interact with Connect service intentions
    join           Tell Consul agent to join cluster
    keygen         Generates a new encryption key
    keyring        Manages gossip layer encryption keys
    kv             Interact with the key-value store
    leave          Gracefully leaves the Consul cluster and shuts down
    lock           Execute a command holding a lock
    maint          Controls node or service maintenance mode

开发模式运行agent

dotzdeMacBook-Pro-2:~ dotz$ consul agent -dev
==> Starting Consul agent...
==> Consul agent running!
           Version: 'v1.4.3'
           Node ID: '3ecdbc84-9f8e-ee75-33cd-e00d7f9443f2'
         Node name: 'dotzdeMacBook-Pro-2.local'
        Datacenter: 'dc1' (Segment: '<all>')
            Server: true (Bootstrap: false)
       Client Addr: [127.0.0.1] (HTTP: 8500, HTTPS: -1, gRPC: 8502, DNS: 8600)
      Cluster Addr: 127.0.0.1 (LAN: 8301, WAN: 8302)
           Encrypt: Gossip: false, TLS-Outgoing: false, TLS-Incoming: false

==> Log data will now stream in as it occurs:

    2019/03/26 11:58:59 [DEBUG] agent: Using random ID "3ecdbc84-9f8e-ee75-33cd-e00d7f9443f2" as node ID
    2019/03/26 11:58:59 [WARN] agent: Node name "dotzdeMacBook-Pro-2.local" will not be discoverable via DNS due to invalid characters. Valid characters include all alpha-numerics and dashes.
    2019/03/26 11:58:59 [INFO] raft: Initial configuration (index=1): [{Suffrage:Voter ID:3ecdbc84-9f8e-ee75-33cd-e00d7f9443f2 Address:127.0.0.1:8300}]

通过http://127.0.0.1:8500/ui可以访问ui界面

3 客户端API

eg：

package main

import "github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
import "fmt"

func main() {
	// Get a new client
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.DefaultConfig())
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// Get a handle to the KV API
	kv := client.KV()

	// PUT a new KV pair
	p := &api.KVPair{Key: "REDIS_MAXCLIENTS", Value: []byte("1000")}
	_, err = kv.Put(p, nil)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// Lookup the pair
	pair, _, err := kv.Get("REDIS_MAXCLIENTS", nil)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("KV: %v %s\n", pair.Key, pair.Value)
}

输出：

dotzdeMacBook-Pro-2:src dotz$ go run consul_eg.go 
KV: REDIS_MAXCLIENTS 1000