Callable和Future

多线程开发, 之前用Thread, Runnable.存在的问题是：

1.Thread类和Runnable接口都不允许声明检查型异常
2.也不能定义返回值

public void run()方法契约意味着你必须捕获并处理检查型异常

Callable

public T call() throws Exception
可抛出检查型异常和定义强类型的返回值.

Future

Future是Java 1.5中引入的接口
提交一个Callable对象给线程池时，将得到一个Future对象

public class ServerAcceptingRequestsVerifier implements Callable {
    /**
     * @return Boolean.TRUE is server is accepting requests
     * Boolean.FALSE otherwise
     */
    public Boolean call() throws Exception {
        Boolean isAcceptingRequests = null;
        ... ask server about taking requests here
        return isAcceptingRequests;
    }
}
public Boolean isServerTakingRequests(String server)
            throws UnresponsiveException, InterruptedException {
    ServerAcceptingRequestsVerifier acceptingRequestsVerifier =
        new ServerAcceptingRequestsVerifier();
    Future future =
        THREAD_POOL.submit(acceptingRequestsVerifier);
    try {
        Boolean isAcceptingRequests = future.get(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        //waits for the thread to complete, even if it hasn't started
        return isAcceptingRequests;
    } catch (TimeoutException e) {
        LOGGER.warn("Timed out waiting for server check thread." +
        "We'll try to interrupt it.");
        future.cancel(true);
        return Boolean.FALSE;
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
        throw new UnresponsiveException(e.getCause());
    }

}