傅里叶级数
以
2
π
2\pi
2π为周期的函数
f
(
x
)
f(x)
f(x)在区间
[
−
π
,
π
]
[-\pi,\pi]
[−π,π]的傅里叶级数:
f
(
x
)
∼
a
0
2
+
∑
n
=
1
∞
(
a
n
cos
n
ω
x
+
b
n
sin
n
ω
x
)
f(x)\sim\dfrac{a_0}{2}+\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^\infin(a_n\cos n\omega x+b_n\sin n\omega x)
f(x)∼2a0+n=1∑∞(ancosnωx+bnsinnωx)
傅里叶系数:
{
a
0
=
1
π
∫
−
π
π
f
(
x
)
d
x
a
n
=
1
π
∫
−
π
π
f
(
x
)
cos
n
x
d
x
b
n
=
1
π
∫
−
π
π
f
(
x
)
sin
n
x
d
x
\begin{cases}a_0=\dfrac{1}{\pi}\displaystyle\int_{-\pi}^\pi f(x)\text{d}x\\\\a_n=\dfrac{1}{\pi}\displaystyle\int_{-\pi}^\pi f(x)\cos nx\text{d}x\\\\b_n=\dfrac{1}{\pi}\displaystyle\int_{-\pi}^\pi f(x)\sin nx\text{d}x\end{cases}
⎩⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎧a0=π1∫−ππf(x)dxan=π1∫−ππf(x)cosnxdxbn=π1∫−ππf(x)sinnxdx
以
2
l
\;2l\;
2l为周期的函数
f
(
x
)
f(x)
f(x)在区间
[
−
l
,
l
]
[-l,l]
[−l,l]的傅里叶级数:
f
(
x
)
∼
a
0
2
+
∑
n
=
1
∞
(
a
n
cos
n
π
l
x
+
b
n
sin
n
π
l
x
)
f(x)\sim\dfrac{a_0}{2}+\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^\infin(a_n\cos\dfrac{n\pi}{l}x+b_n\sin \dfrac{n\pi}{l} x)
f(x)∼2a0+n=1∑∞(ancoslnπx+bnsinlnπx)
傅里叶系数:
{
a
0
=
1
l
∫
−
l
l
f
(
x
)
d
x
a
n
=
1
l
∫
−
l
l
f
(
x
)
cos
n
π
l
x
d
x
b
n
=
1
l
∫
−
l
l
f
(
x
)
sin
n
π
l
x
d
x
\begin{cases}a_0=\dfrac{1}{l}\displaystyle\int_{-l}^l f(x)\text{d}x\\\\a_n=\dfrac{1}{l}\displaystyle\int_{-l}^l f(x)\cos \dfrac{n\pi}{l}x\text{d}x\\\\b_n=\dfrac{1}{l}\displaystyle\int_{-l}^l f(x)\sin \dfrac{n\pi}{l}x\text{d}x\end{cases}
⎩⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎧a0=l1∫−llf(x)dxan=l1∫−llf(x)coslnπxdxbn=l1∫−llf(x)sinlnπxdx