linux源码 网络包接收--从中断到协议栈

本文基于4.11内核

linux在硬中断触发后，会进入do_IRQ函数(arch/x86/kernel/irq.c):

/*
 * do_IRQ handles all normal device IRQ's (the special
 * SMP cross-CPU interrupts have their own specific
 * handlers).
 */
__visible unsigned int __irq_entry do_IRQ(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
    struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs);
    struct irq_desc * desc;
    /* high bit used in ret_from_ code  */
    unsigned vector = ~regs->orig_ax;

    /*
     * NB: Unlike exception entries, IRQ entries do not reliably
     * handle context tracking in the low-level entry code.  This is
     * because syscall entries execute briefly with IRQs on before
     * updating context tracking state, so we can take an IRQ from
     * kernel mode with CONTEXT_USER.  The low-level entry code only
     * updates the context if we came from user mode, so we won't
     * switch to CONTEXT_KERNEL.  We'll fix that once the syscall
     * code is cleaned up enough that we can cleanly defer enabling
     * IRQs.
     */

    entering_irq();

    /* entering_irq() tells RCU that we're not quiescent.  Check it. */
    RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(), "IRQ failed to wake up RCU");

    desc = __this_cpu_read(vector_irq[vector]);

    if (!handle_irq(desc, regs)) {
        ack_APIC_irq();

        if (desc != VECTOR_RETRIGGERED) {
            pr_emerg_ratelimited("%s: %d.%d No irq handler for vector\n",
                         __func__, smp_processor_id(),
                         vector);
        } else {
            __this_cpu_write(vector_irq[vector], VECTOR_UNUSED);
        }
    }

    exiting_irq();

    set_irq_regs(old_regs);
    return 1;
}

set_irq_regs函数将CPU寄存器设置为指定值，并返回旧的寄存器状态。在函数开头和末尾调用的
set_irq_regs使得中断可以嵌套执行。

desc = __this_cpu_read(vector_irq[vector])获得中断向量的描述符，中断描述符的结构如下：

/**
 * struct irq_desc - interrupt descriptor
 * @irq_common_data:    per irq and chip data passed down to chip functions
 * @kstat_irqs:     irq stats per cpu
 * @handle_irq:     highlevel irq-events handler
 * @preflow_handler:    handler called before the flow handler (currently used by sparc)
 * @action:     the irq action chain
 * @status:     status information
 * @core_internal_state__do_not_mess_with_it: core internal status information
 * @depth:      disable-depth, for nested irq_disable() calls
 * @wake_depth:     enable depth, for multiple irq_set_irq_wake() callers
 * @irq_count:      stats field to detect stalled irqs
 * @last_unhandled: aging timer for unhandled count
 * @irqs_unhandled: stats field for spurious unhandled interrupts
 * @threads_handled:    stats field for deferred spurious detection of threaded handlers
 * @threads_handled_last: comparator field for deferred spurious detection of theraded handlers
 * @lock:       locking for SMP
 * @affinity_hint:  hint to user space for preferred irq affinity
 * @affinity_notify:    context for notification of affinity changes
 * @pending_mask:   pending rebalanced interrupts
 * @threads_oneshot:    bitfield to handle shared oneshot threads
 * @threads_active: number of irqaction threads currently running
 * @wait_for_threads:   wait queue for sync_irq to wait for threaded handlers
 * @nr_actions:     number of installed actions on this descriptor
 * @no_suspend_depth:   number of irqactions on a irq descriptor with
 *          IRQF_NO_SUSPEND set
 * @force_resume_depth: number of irqactions on a irq descriptor with
 *          IRQF_FORCE_RESUME set
 * @rcu:        rcu head for delayed free
 * @kobj:       kobject used to represent this struct in sysfs
 * @dir:        /proc/irq/ procfs entry
 * @name:       flow handler name for /proc/interrupts output
 */
struct irq_desc {
    struct irq_common_data  irq_common_data;
    struct irq_data     irq_data;
    unsigned int __percpu   *kstat_irqs;
    irq_flow_handler_t  handle_irq;
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_PREFLOW_FASTEOI
    irq_preflow_handler_t   preflow_handler;
#endif
    struct irqaction    *action;    /* IRQ action list */
    unsigned int        status_use_accessors;
    unsigned int        core_internal_state__do_not_mess_with_it;
    unsigned int        depth;      /* nested irq disables */
    unsigned