[iOS]使用NSProxy实现消息转发机制，模拟多重继承

Objective-C不支持多重继承，但是我们可以使用NSProxy的消息转发机制，来转发可由其它类的对象处理的任务，达成同样的目的。

Xcode的Documentation中有示例（搜索ForwardInvocation，在Sample Code类别中），如下：

/*

File: main.m

Abstract: This example shows how to do Objective C message forwarding in Foundation.

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*/

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#include <stdio.h>

@interface TargetProxy : NSProxy {

id realObject1;

id realObject2;

}

- (id)initWithTarget1:(id)t1 target2:(id)t2;

@end

int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {

NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

// Create an empty mutable string, which will be one of the

// real objects for the proxy.

NSMutableString *string = [[NSMutableString alloc] init];

// Create an empty mutable array, which will be the other

// real object for the proxy.

NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

// Create a proxy to wrap the real objects. This is rather

// artificial for the purposes of this example -- you'd rarely

// have a single proxy covering two objects. But it is possible.

id proxy = [[TargetProxy alloc] initWithTarget1:string target2:array];

// Note that we can't use appendFormat:, because vararg methods

// cannot be forwarded!

[proxy appendString:@"This "];

[proxy appendString:@"is "];

[proxy addObject:string];

[proxy appendString:@"a "];

[proxy appendString:@"test!"];

NSLog(@"count should be 1, it is: %d", [proxy count]);

if ([[proxy objectAtIndex:0] isEqualToString:@"This is a test!"]) {

NSLog(@"Appending successful.", proxy);

} else {

NSLog(@"Appending failed, got: '%@'", proxy);

}

NSLog(@"Example finished without errors.");

[pool release];

return 0;

}

@implementation TargetProxy

- (id)initWithTarget1:(id)t1 target2:(id)t2 {

realObject1 = [t1 retain];

realObject2 = [t2 retain];

return self;

}

- (void)dealloc {

[realObject1 release];

[realObject2 release];

[super dealloc];

}

// The compiler knows the types at the call site but unfortunately doesn't

// leave them around for us to use, so we must poke around and find the types

// so that the invocation can be initialized from the stack frame.

// Here, we ask the two real objects, realObject1 first, for their method

// signatures, since we'll be forwarding the message to one or the other

// of them in -forwardInvocation:. If realObject1 returns a non-nil

// method signature, we use that, so in effect it has priority.

- (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)aSelector {

NSMethodSignature *sig;

sig = [realObject1 methodSignatureForSelector:aSelector];

if (sig) return sig;

sig = [realObject2 methodSignatureForSelector:aSelector];

return sig;

}

// Invoke the invocation on whichever real object had a signature for it.

- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)invocation {

id target = [realObject1 methodSignatureForSelector:[invocation selector]] ? realObject1 : realObject2;

[invocation invokeWithTarget:target];

}

// Override some of NSProxy's implementations to forward them...

- (BOOL)respondsToSelector:(SEL)aSelector {

if ([realObject1 respondsToSelector:aSelector]) return YES;

if ([realObject2 respondsToSelector:aSelector]) return YES;

return NO;

}

@end