SpringMVC框架简介①

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-19 00:30:23 发布

C8WATER

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-19 00:30:23 发布

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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签： JAVA SpringMVC

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ip_JL/article/details/81603093

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首先, 建项目之后引包:

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ekU8ga_GjSWyTmRRcVoCgw 密码：xhxd

配置中央转发器(dispatchservlet), web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!-- 不能使用/* -->
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

SpringMVC的配置文件的头信息:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

</beans>

该配置文件名称有一定的规范, 默认是按照在web.xml配置的"<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>"+".servlet.xml"

下面先介绍一下配置文件的方式, 后续重点介绍注解的使用

第一个例子:

TestController.java:

package com.rl.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;

public class TestController extends AbstractController {

    @Override
    protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal
                (HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
        
        
        //返回值里面是路径为非文件名
        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }
}

将配置文件完善后启动tomcat

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置TestController的bean
            默认当输入"/hello.do"请求时, 将直接指向当前配置的TestController.java并访问"handleRequestInternal"方法
         -->
        <bean name="/hello.do" class="com.rl.controller.TestController"/>
        
        <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置前缀 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置后缀 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

项目结构图:

在页面访问"http://localhost:8080/springmvc-1/hello.do"

结果如下:

还有其他两种方法, 不直接举例下面贴配置信息

另外如果想要直接访问一个页面而不需要其他逻辑处理, 可以使用springmvc为我们提供的一种自动创建Controller的方式, 如下配置信息:

控制器有三种, 以下不详细介绍, 只贴出代码, 都有详细注释:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置TestController的bean
                            默认当输入"/hello.do"请求时, 将直接指向当前配置的TestController.java并访问"handleRequestInternal"方法
         -->
        <bean id="TestController" name="/hello.do" class="com.rl.controller.TestController"/>
       
       <!-- =================================映射处理器================================== --> 
        <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置前缀 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置后缀 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 默认采用这种方式配置 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
        
        <!-- 第二种映射的配置方式 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
            <property name="mappings">
                <props>
                    <!-- 根据id来映射具体的Controller -->
                    <prop key="/hello1.do">TestController</prop>
                </props>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 第三种映射的配置方式
                        访问路径为: http://localhost:8080/springmvc-1/testController.do
            testController.do首字符必须小写
         -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
        
        
        <!-- =================================三种控制器================================== -->
        <!-- 
                        需求: 只需要跳转一个页面, 不需要其他逻辑, 可以使用springmvc为我们提供的这个方式, 免去自己创建Controller
            springmvc自动创建的一个Controller, 直接转发
         -->
        <bean name="/toIndex.do" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ParameterizableViewController">
            <property name="viewName" value="index"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 接收get方式提交的参数类型 -->
        <bean name="/comm.do" class="com.rl.controller.CommController">
            <property name="commandClass" value="com.rl.model.Person"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 接收表单post方式提交的参数类型 -->
        <bean name="/form.do" class="com.rl.controller.FormController">
        <!-- 指定commandClass属性对应的实体类是Person -->
            <property name="commandClass" value="com.rl.model.Person"></property>
            <!-- 跳转页面为form, 前缀跟后缀参照视图解析器的规则 -->
            <property name="formView" value="form"></property>
            <!-- 提交成功之后的跳转页面 -->
            <property name="successView" value="success"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

项目结构:

CommController.java:

package com.rl.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractCommandController;

public class CommController extends AbstractCommandController {

    @Override
    protected ModelAndView handle
                    (HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object obj, BindException arg3)
            throws Exception {
        
        System.out.println(obj);
        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }
}

FormController.java

package com.rl.controller;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleFormController;

public class FormController extends SimpleFormController {

    
    @Override
    protected void doSubmitAction(Object obj) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(obj);
    }
    
    /**
     * 自定义属性编辑器
     * 将日期的输入格式从xxxx/xx/xx转成xxxx-xx-xx
     */
    @Override
    protected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request, ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {
        binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
    }
}

表单就不贴出来了, 自己设置数据, 提交试试即可.

下面详解注解形式的springmvc开发:

配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置注解扫描器 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.rl.controller"/>

        <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置前缀 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置后缀 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
        
</beans>

注解开发第一个例子:

package com.rl.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
    @RequestMapping("/hello.do")//映射方法
    public String hello() {
        return "index";//返回modelandview的路径
    }
}

最原始的接收参数的方法:

package com.rl.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 最原始的接收参数的方法
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/revParam.do")
    public String revParam(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        System.out.println(name);
        return "index";
    }
}

控制台输出: zs

第二种:

package com.rl.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 第二种接收的方式
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/revParam1.do")
    public String revParam1(String name) {
        System.out.println(name);
        return "index";
    }
}

输出同上

第三种:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
   
    /**
     * 第三种: 可传多个参数
     * @param name
     * @return
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    @RequestMapping("/revParam2.do")
    public String revParam2(String name, Integer id, String address, Date birthday, 
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        System.out.println(name);
        System.out.println(id);
        System.out.println(address);
        System.err.println(birthday);//默认输入格式是xxxx/xx/xx
        return "index";
    }
    
    @InitBinder//该注解绑定属性编辑器
    public void initBinder(ServletRequestDataBinder binder) {
        binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, 
                                    new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
    }
}

第四种:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
     
    /**
     * 第四种: 多选传参
     */
    @RequestMapping("/revParam3.do")
    public String revParam3(String[] fav) {
        for(String fa: fav) {
            System.out.println(fa);
        }
        return "success";
    }
    
    /**
     * 跳转表单
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toForm.do")
    public String toForm() {
        return "form";
    }
}

form.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">


<base href="<%=basePath%>">
</head>
<body>
    
    <form action="test/revParam3.do" method="post">
        爱好:<input name="fav" type="checkbox" value="1">篮球
        <input name="fav" type="checkbox" value="2">排球
        <input name="fav" type="checkbox" value="3">棒球
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

也可以用对象来接收, 就不贴代码了.

第五种: 结果集返回视图

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
    /**
     * 结果集返回视图(不建议使用)
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/returnResult.do")
    public ModelAndView returnResult() {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAddress("北京");
        person.setBirthday(new Date());
        person.setGender(1);
        person.setName("zhangsan");
        Map<String, Person> map = new HashMap<String, Person>();
        map.put("person", person);
        return new ModelAndView("returnPage", map);
    }
}

页面:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

</head>
<body>

    <h4>${person.name }</h4>
    <h4>${person.gender }</h4>
    <h4>${person.address }</h4>
    <h4><fmt:formatDate value="${person.birthday }" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/></h4>
</body>
</html>

第六种:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 第六种: 简化一点(还是比较少用的, 不建议使用)
     * 注意: map在参数列表中不是用于接收参数的, 只用于返回页面
     */
    @RequestMapping("/returnResult1.do")
    public String returnResult1(Map<String, Object> map) {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAddress("北京");
        person.setBirthday(new Date());
        person.setGender(1);
        person.setName("zhangsan");
        map.put("person", person);
        return "returnPage";
    }
}

效果同上

第七种:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
   
    /**
     * 再简化, 使用Model(最常用, 建议使用)
     */
    @RequestMapping("/returnResult2.do")
    public String returnResult2(Model model) {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAddress("北京");
        person.setBirthday(new Date());
        person.setGender(1);
        person.setName("zhangsan");
        model.addAttribute("person", person);
        return "returnPage";
    }
}

效果同上

ajax调用springmvc的方法:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
    

    /**
     * ajax调用
     */
    @RequestMapping("/ajax.do")
    public void ajax(String name, HttpServletResponse response) {
        String result = "hello "+name;
        try {
            response.getWriter().write(result);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 跳转ajax
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toAjax.do")
    public String toAjax() {
        return "ajax";
    }
}

页面:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script>


<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
    $("#myButton").click(function(){
        var mytext = $("#mytext").val();
        $.ajax({
            url:"test/ajax.do",
            type:"post",
            dataType:"text",
            data:{
                name:mytext
            },
            success:function(responseText){
                alert(responseText);
            },
            error:function(){
                alert("system error");
            }
        });
    });
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <input type="text" id="mytext">
    <input type="button" id="myButton" value="click">
</body>
</html>

SpringMVC的重定向:

同一Controller中的重定向:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 跳转表单
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toForm.do")
    public String toForm() {
        return "form";
    }
    
      
    /**
     * 同一Controller之内的重定向
     */
    @RequestMapping("/redirectForm.do")
    public String redirectForm() {
        return "redirect:toForm.do";//路径会更改
    }
}

不同Controller之间的重定向:

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.rl.model.Person;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class TestController {
    
    
    /**
     * 不同Controller之间的重定向
     */
    @RequestMapping("/redirectForm1.do")
    public String redirectForm1() {
        return "redirect:/test1/toForm.do";//test1前面的'/'代表从根目录上的test1/toForm.do
    }
}

package com.rl.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//Controller注解
@RequestMapping("/test1")//防止出现相同方法名的情况
public class Test1Controller {
    
    /**
     * 跳转表单
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toForm.do")
    public String toForm() {
        return "form";
    }
}

文件上传:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置注解扫描器 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.rl.controller"/>

        <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置前缀 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置后缀 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 文件上传
            复杂类型的表单视图解析器
         -->
        <!-- 
			bean的id是multipartResolver，不能随便定义
		 -->
        <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
            <!-- 
                             以字节为单位
             -->
            <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1024000"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

页面:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="upload/uploadPic.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <input type="file" name="pic">
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

package com.rl.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public class UploadController {

    @RequestMapping("/uploadPic.do")
    public String uploadPic(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
      //转换request
        MultipartHttpServletRequest mr = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
        //获得文件
        MultipartFile file = mr.getFile("pic");
        //获得文件的字节数组
        byte[] fbyte = file.getBytes();
        //获得当前时间的最小精度，精确到三位毫秒
        String fileName = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmssSSS").format(new Date());
        //再加三位随机数
        Random random = new Random();
        for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
            fileName = fileName + random.nextInt(10);
        }
        //获得文件的原始文件名
        String oriFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        //后缀
        String suffix = oriFileName.substring(oriFileName.lastIndexOf("."));
        //获得项目的部署路径
        String realPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
        //组装图片的全路径
        String picPath = realPath + "\\upload\\"+fileName+suffix;
        //定义输出流
        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(picPath));
        out.write(fbyte);
        out.flush();
        out.close();
        
        return "success";
    }
}

记得实现一定要先建立一个upload文件夹:

拦截器:

配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
					<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
					xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
					xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
					xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
					xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
					xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
					xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
					http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">

        <!-- 配置注解扫描器 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.rl.controller"/>

        <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <!-- 配置前缀 -->
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
            <!-- 配置后缀 -->
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 文件上传
                            复杂类型的表单视图解析器
         -->
        <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
            <!-- 
                             以字节为单位
             -->
            <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1024000"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 配置拦截器
            mvc:mapping: 配置拦截范围, 跟bean标签有上下的顺序
         -->
        <mvc:interceptors>
            <mvc:interceptor>
                <mvc:mapping path="/test/**"/>
                <bean class="com.rl.interceptor.MyInterceptor"></bean>
            </mvc:interceptor>
        </mvc:interceptors>
</beans>

拦截器实现:

package com.rl.interceptor;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    /**
     * 最终拦截: 在页面生成之后执行
     *          可以做页面的一些监控, arg3可以收集一些异常信息
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("执行最终拦截...");
        String message = arg3.getMessage();//可以获取一些异常信息
    }

    /**
     * 后置拦截: 在Controller之后执行, 视图解析之前(还没生成页面)
     *          可以对未生成的页面做一些修改
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("执行后置拦截...");
        Map<String, Object> map = arg3.getModel();
        //此时map可以追加一些东西
    }

    /**
     * 前置拦截, 在Controller前执行
     * return false表示拦截, true表示放行
     * arg2: 当前拦截到的Controller的实例
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("执行前置拦截...");
        return true;
    }
}