Observer观察者模式

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

class Observer;

class Subject { //抽象被观察者
public:
    virtual void Attach(Observer*) = 0;
    virtual void Detach(Observer*) = 0;
    virtual void Notify() = 0;
    virtual int GetState() { return state_; }
    void SetState(int state) { state_ = state; }
protected:
    std::list<Observer*> observer_list_;
    int state_;
};

class Observer { //抽象观察者
public:
    Observer(Subject* sub) : p_subject_(sub) {}
    virtual void Update() = 0;
protected:
    Subject* p_subject_;
};

class Observer1 : public Observer { //具体观察者1
public:
    Observer1(Subject* p_subject) : Observer(p_subject) {}
    void Update() override
    {
        cout << "Observer1 get the update:" << p_subject_->GetState() << endl;
    }
};

class Observer2 : public Observer //具体观察者2
{
public:
    Observer2(Subject* p_subject) : Observer(p_subject) {}
    void Update() override
    {
        cout << "Observer2 get the update:" << p_subject_->GetState() << endl;
    }
};

class ConcreteSubject : public Subject { //具体被观察者
public:
    void Attach(Observer* pObserver) override
    {
        observer_list_.push_back(pObserver);
    }
    void Detach(Observer* pObserver) override
    {
        observer_list_.remove(pObserver);
    }
    void Notify()  //核心操作：循环通知所有观察者
    {
        auto it = observer_list_.begin();
        while (it != observer_list_.end())
        {
            (*it++)->Update();
        }
    }
};

int main()
{
    Subject* p_subject = new ConcreteSubject();         // 创建被观察者 
    Observer* p_observer1 = new Observer1(p_subject);   // 创建观察者
    Observer* p_observer2 = new Observer2(p_subject);   // 创建观察者  
    p_subject->SetState(2);   // 改变状态
    p_subject->Attach(p_observer1);  // 注册观察者
    p_subject->Attach(p_observer2);
    p_subject->Notify();


    p_subject->Detach(p_observer1); // 注销观察值
    p_subject->SetState(3);
    p_subject->Notify();

    delete p_observer1;
    delete p_observer2;
    delete p_subject;
}

 

参考资料：

• Observer/Event观察者模式（C++）
• 设计模式之观察者模式（c++）