《轻量级J2EE企业应用实战》一书的第2章有一个使用SerlvetResponse输出图像的例子,代码如下:
在Tomcat下运行时抛出如下异常:
atorg.apache.catalina.connector.Response.getWriter(Response.java:601)
atorg.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.getWriter(ResponseFacade.java:196 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.JspWriterImpl.initOut(JspWriterImpl.java:125 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.JspWriterImpl.flushBuffer(JspWriterImpl.java:118 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.PageContextImpl.release(PageContextImpl.java:185 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.internalReleasePageContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:116 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.releasePageContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:76 )
atorg.apache.jsp.pages.drawImage_jsp._jspService(drawImage_jsp.java:84)
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:98 )
atjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803 )
atorg.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:328 )
atorg.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:315 )
atorg.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:265 )
atjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:269 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:188 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:210 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:174 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127 )
atorg.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:117 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:108 )
atorg.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:151 )
atorg.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:870 )
atorg.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.processConnection(Http11BaseProtocol.java:665 )
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.PoolTcpEndpoint.processSocket(PoolTcpEndpoint.java:528 )
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.LeaderFollowerWorkerThread.runIt(LeaderFollowerWorkerThread.java:81 )
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPool$ControlRunnable.run(ThreadPool.java:685 )
atjava.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:595)
查看转换后的JSP代码,发现第84行如下(绿色高亮处):
我们看到在JSP页面释放资源的时候,调用了ServetResponse.getWriter()方法,之后程序即抛出异常了,查看Servlet的API发现问题:
解决方法如下:
将JSP页面的最后两行代码的注释去掉,这两行代码的作用如下:
out.clear():清空缓存的内容。
pageContext.pushBody():参考API
public BodyContent pushBody ()
<%
BufferedImageimage =newBufferedImage(400,400 ,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphicsg= image.getGraphics();
g.fillRect(0,0,400,400 );
g.setColor(newColor(255,0,0 ));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,30,120 );
g.setColor(newColor(0,255,0 ));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,150,20 );
g.setColor(newColor(0,0,255 ));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,270,120 );
g.setColor(newColor(0,0,0 ));
g.drawString("red:climb",300,80 );
g.drawString("green:swim",300,120 );
g.drawString("blue:jump",300,160 );
ImageIO.write(image,"bmp" ,response.getOutputStream());
// out.clear();
//out=pageContext.pushBody();
%>
BufferedImageimage =newBufferedImage(400,400 ,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphicsg= image.getGraphics();
g.fillRect(0,0,400,400 );
g.setColor(newColor(255,0,0 ));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,30,120 );
g.setColor(newColor(0,255,0 ));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,150,20 );
g.setColor(newColor(0,0,255 ));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,270,120 );
g.setColor(newColor(0,0,0 ));
g.drawString("red:climb",300,80 );
g.drawString("green:swim",300,120 );
g.drawString("blue:jump",300,160 );
ImageIO.write(image,"bmp" ,response.getOutputStream());
// out.clear();
//out=pageContext.pushBody();
%>
在Tomcat下运行时抛出如下异常:
atorg.apache.catalina.connector.Response.getWriter(Response.java:601)
atorg.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.getWriter(ResponseFacade.java:196 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.JspWriterImpl.initOut(JspWriterImpl.java:125 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.JspWriterImpl.flushBuffer(JspWriterImpl.java:118 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.PageContextImpl.release(PageContextImpl.java:185 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.internalReleasePageContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:116 )
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.releasePageContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:76 )
atorg.apache.jsp.pages.drawImage_jsp._jspService(drawImage_jsp.java:84)
atorg.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:98 )
atjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803 )
atorg.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:328 )
atorg.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:315 )
atorg.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:265 )
atjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:269 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:188 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:210 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:174 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127 )
atorg.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:117 )
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:108 )
atorg.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:151 )
atorg.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:870 )
atorg.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.processConnection(Http11BaseProtocol.java:665 )
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.PoolTcpEndpoint.processSocket(PoolTcpEndpoint.java:528 )
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.LeaderFollowerWorkerThread.runIt(LeaderFollowerWorkerThread.java:81 )
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPool$ControlRunnable.run(ThreadPool.java:685 )
atjava.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:595)
查看转换后的JSP代码,发现第84行如下(绿色高亮处):
publicvoid
_jspService(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse)
throwsjava.io.IOException,ServletException {
JspFactory_jspxFactory=null;
PageContextpageContext=null;
HttpSessionsession=null;
ServletContextapplication=null;
ServletConfigconfig=null;
JspWriterout=null;
Objectpage=this;
JspWriter_jspx_out=null;
PageContext_jspx_page_context=null;
try{
_jspxFactory=JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
pageContext=_jspxFactory.getPageContext(this,request,response,
null,true,8192,true);
_jspx_page_context=pageContext;
application=pageContext.getServletContext();
config=pageContext.getServletConfig();
session=pageContext.getSession();
out=pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out=out;
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write("<!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC\"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.01Transitional//EN\"\"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">\n");
out.write("<html>\n");
out.write("<head>\n");
out.write("<metahttp-equiv=\"Content-Type\"content=\"text/html;charset=UTF-8\">\n");
out.write("<title>DrawImage</title>\n");
out.write("</head>\n");
out.write("<body>\n");
out.write("\r\n");
BufferedImageimage=newBufferedImage(400,400,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphicsg=image.getGraphics();
g.fillRect(0,0,400,400);
g.setColor(newColor(255,0,0));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,30,120);
g.setColor(newColor(0,255,0));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,150,20);
g.setColor(newColor(0,0,255));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,270,120);
g.setColor(newColor(0,0,0));
g.drawString("red:climb",300,80);
g.drawString("green:swim",300,120);
g.drawString("blue:jump",300,160);
ImageIO.write(image,"bmp",response.getOutputStream());
//out.clear();
//out=pageContext.pushBody();
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("</body>\n");
out.write("</html>");
}catch(Throwablet){
if(!(tinstanceofSkipPageException)){
out=_jspx_out;
if(out!=null&&out.getBufferSize()!=0)
out.clearBuffer();
if(_jspx_page_context!=null)_jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
}
}finally{
if(_jspxFactory!=null)_jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
}
}
throwsjava.io.IOException,ServletException {
JspFactory_jspxFactory=null;
PageContextpageContext=null;
HttpSessionsession=null;
ServletContextapplication=null;
ServletConfigconfig=null;
JspWriterout=null;
Objectpage=this;
JspWriter_jspx_out=null;
PageContext_jspx_page_context=null;
try{
_jspxFactory=JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
pageContext=_jspxFactory.getPageContext(this,request,response,
null,true,8192,true);
_jspx_page_context=pageContext;
application=pageContext.getServletContext();
config=pageContext.getServletConfig();
session=pageContext.getSession();
out=pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out=out;
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write("<!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC\"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.01Transitional//EN\"\"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">\n");
out.write("<html>\n");
out.write("<head>\n");
out.write("<metahttp-equiv=\"Content-Type\"content=\"text/html;charset=UTF-8\">\n");
out.write("<title>DrawImage</title>\n");
out.write("</head>\n");
out.write("<body>\n");
out.write("\r\n");
BufferedImageimage=newBufferedImage(400,400,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphicsg=image.getGraphics();
g.fillRect(0,0,400,400);
g.setColor(newColor(255,0,0));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,30,120);
g.setColor(newColor(0,255,0));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,150,20);
g.setColor(newColor(0,0,255));
g.fillArc(20,20,100,100,270,120);
g.setColor(newColor(0,0,0));
g.drawString("red:climb",300,80);
g.drawString("green:swim",300,120);
g.drawString("blue:jump",300,160);
ImageIO.write(image,"bmp",response.getOutputStream());
//out.clear();
//out=pageContext.pushBody();
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("</body>\n");
out.write("</html>");
}catch(Throwablet){
if(!(tinstanceofSkipPageException)){
out=_jspx_out;
if(out!=null&&out.getBufferSize()!=0)
out.clearBuffer();
if(_jspx_page_context!=null)_jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
}
}finally{
if(_jspxFactory!=null)_jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
}
}
我们看到在JSP页面释放资源的时候,调用了ServetResponse.getWriter()方法,之后程序即抛出异常了,查看Servlet的API发现问题:
public java.io.PrintWriter getWriter() throws java.io.IOException
-
Returns a
PrintWriter
object that can send character text to the client. ThePrintWriter
uses the character encoding returned bygetCharacterEncoding()
. If the response's character encoding has not been specified as described ingetCharacterEncoding
(i.e., the method just returns the default valueISO-8859-1
),getWriter
updates it toISO-8859-1
.Calling flush() on the
PrintWriter
commits the response.Either this method or
getOutputStream()
may be called to write the body, not both. -
-
Returns:
-
a
PrintWriter
object that can return character data to the client
Throws:
-
UnsupportedEncodingException
- if the character encoding returned bygetCharacterEncoding
cannot be used -
java.lang.IllegalStateException
-
java.io.IOException
- if an input or output exception occurred
See Also:
-
getOutputStream()
,setCharacterEncoding(java.lang.String)
-
a
解决方法如下:
将JSP页面的最后两行代码的注释去掉,这两行代码的作用如下:
out.clear():清空缓存的内容。
pageContext.pushBody():参考API
public BodyContent pushBody ()
-
Return a new BodyContent object, save the current "out" JspWriter, and update the value of the "out" attribute in the page scope attribute namespace of the PageContext.
-
Returns:
- the new BodyContent
·返回一个新的BodyContent(代表一个HTML页面的BODY部分内容)
·保存JspWriter实例的对象out
·更新PageContext的out属性的内容