Spring2.5注入方式

Spring2.5依靠注入的方式有三种：

通过setter方法注入；
通过构造方法注入；
通过注解进行注入；
第一种方式：通过setter方法注入

Java代码


package com.test;

public class UserServiceImplement implements IUserService

{
private IUserDao user;

public IUserDao getUser() {
return user;
}

public void setUser(IUserDao user) {
this.user = user;
}

public void saveUser() {
user.addUser();
}
}

package com.test;public class UserServiceImplement implements IUserService{ private IUserDao user; public IUserDao getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(IUserDao user) { this.user = user; } public void saveUser() { user.addUser(); }}



Xml代码


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.0.xsd">
<bean id="userdao" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean>
<bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement">
<property name="user" ref="userdao"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.0.xsd"> <bean id="userdao" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean> <bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement"> <property name="user" ref="userdao"></property> </bean></beans>



注重这种方法还可以把XML改成以下方式：



Xml代码


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.0.xsd">
<bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement"> <!-- <property name="user" ref="userdao"></property>-->
<property name="user">
<bean class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.0.xsd"> <bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement"> <!-- <property name="user" ref="userdao"></property>--> <property name="user"> <bean class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean> </property> </bean></beans>



这两者的区别在于，第二种方式只会注入到当前这个Bean实例中，而不能再注入到其它的Bean中，第一种方式被注入的Bean可以注入到多个Bean当中，这可能会有一些线程安全的问题，因此在最好指定被注入的Bean的作用域。



另外通过setter方式注入，对应的注入依靠属性，必须要有setter方法。








测试代码：

Java代码


package com.test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"com/test/bean.xml");
IUserService us = (IUserService) ctx.getBean("userservice");
us.saveUser();
}
}

package com.test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "com/test/bean.xml"); IUserService us = (IUserService) ctx.getBean("userservice"); us.saveUser(); }}



第二种方式：通过构造方法进行注入

Java代码


package com.test;

public class UserServiceImplement implements IUserService {
private IUserDao user;
int age;

public UserServiceImplement(IUserDao user, int age) {
this.user = user;
this.age = age;
}

public void saveUser() {
user.addUser();
System.out.println(this.age);
}
}

package com.test;public class UserServiceImplement implements IUserService { private IUserDao user; int age; public UserServiceImplement(IUserDao user, int age) { this.user = user; this.age = age; } public void saveUser() { user.addUser(); System.out.println(this.age); }}


Xml代码


<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.0.xsd">
<bean id="userdao" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean>
<bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement">
<constructor-arg index="0" type="com.test.IUserDao"
ref="userdao"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg index="1" value="24"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.0.xsd"> <bean id="userdao" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean> <bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement"> <constructor-arg index="0" type="com.test.IUserDao" ref="userdao"></constructor-arg> <constructor-arg index="1" value="24"></constructor-arg> </bean></beans>









注重

<construcotr-arg>标签中的index属性假如构造方法只有一个参数的时候可以不指定，它的下标从0开始，表示构造方法参数的索引，假如有构造方法有多个参数必须指定索引。除此之外还有一个type属性，这个属性用来指定被注入的参数的参数类型，一定要跟构造方法中的参数类型一致，假如是一个接口，那么也不答应传它的实现类，这是一个可选属性；
假如构造函数的的参数类型是基本数据类型，那么就不用ref属性了，而用value属性设置它的值，而且这些数据类型会自动打包和解包；
同样要注重bean的作用域问题。

测试代码同上......



第三种方式：通过java注解进行注入



使用这种方式进行注入可以用两个标注：

@Resource
@Autowired

两者的区别：1. @Resource标注是由JDK提供的，而@Autowired标注是由Spring提供的，因而@Autowired标注会与Spring紧密耦合，所以推荐使用@Resource标注；

2. @Resource默认是按照名称来装配注入的，当找不到与名称匹配的bean才会按照类型来装配注入；

3. @Autowired默认是按照类型装配注入的，假如想按照名称来转配注入，则需要结合@Qualifier一起使用；

4. @Resource和@Autowired都可以用来标注字段或者setter方法。



I.使用@Resource标注进行注入

Java代码


package com.test;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

public class UserServiceImplement implements IUserService {

@Resource
private IUserDao user;

private IUserDao user1;

public IUserDao getUser1() {
return user1;
}

@Resource
public void setUser1(IUserDao user1) {
this.user1 = user1;
}

public void saveUser() {
user.addUser();
System.out.println("user注入成功");
user1.addUser();
System.out.println("user1注入成功");
}
}

package com.test;import javax.annotation.Resource;public class UserServiceImplement implements IUserService { @Resource private IUserDao user; private IUserDao user1; public IUserDao getUser1() { return user1; } @Resource public void setUser1(IUserDao user1) { this.user1 = user1; } public void saveUser() { user.addUser(); System.out.println("user注入成功"); user1.addUser(); System.out.println("user1注入成功"); }}



Xml代码


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />

<bean id="user" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean>
<bean id="user1" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean>
<bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement"></bean>
</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <bean id="user" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean> <bean id="user1" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean> <bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement"></bean></beans>



测试类：

Java代码


package com.test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"com/test/bean.xml");
IUserService us = (IUserService) ctx.getBean("userservice");
us.saveUser();
}
}

package com.test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "com/test/bean.xml"); IUserService us = (IUserService) ctx.getBean("userservice"); us.saveUser(); }}



II.使用@Autowired



Java代码


package com.test;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class UserServiceImplement implements IUserService {

@Autowired
private IUserDao user;

public IUserDao getUser() {
return user;
}

public void setUser(IUserDao user) {
this.user = user;
}

public void saveUser() {
user.addUser();
System.out.println("user注入成功");
}
}

package com.test;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;public class UserServiceImplement implements IUserService { @Autowired private IUserDao user; public IUserDao getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(IUserDao user) { this.user = user; } public void saveUser() { user.addUser(); System.out.println("user注入成功"); }}



Xml代码


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />

<bean id="user" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean>
<bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement"></bean>
</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <bean id="user" class="com.test.UserDaoImplement"></bean> <bean id="userservice" class="com.test.UserServiceImplement"></bean></beans>

测试类：

Java代码


package com.test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"com/test/bean.xml");
IUserService us = (IUserService) ctx.getBean("userservice");
us.saveUser();
}
}

package com.test;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "com/test/bean.xml"); IUserService us = (IUserService) ctx.getBean("userservice"); us.saveUser(); }}