ServletConfig的使用

在Servlet的配置文件中，可以使用一个或多个<init-param>标签为servlet配置一些初始化参数。


当servlet配置了初始化参数后，web容器在创建servlet实例对象时，会自动将这些初始化参数封装到ServletConfig对象中，并在调用servlet的init方法时，将ServletConfig对象传递给servlet。进而，程序员通过ServletConfig对象就可以得到当前servlet的初始化参数信息。


阅读ServletConfig API，并举例说明该对象的作用：
获得字符集编码
获得数据库连接信息
获得配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <display-name></display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>DemoServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>cn.csdn.web.servlet.DemoServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>version</param-name> <param-value>2.0</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>characterEncoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>driver</param-name> <param-value>com.mysql.jdbc.driver</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>url</param-name> <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/3g</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>user</param-name> <param-value>root</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>password</param-name> <param-value>0904</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DemoServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/demo/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DemoServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>

package cn.csdn.web.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.util.Enumeration; import javax.servlet.ServletConfig; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class DemoServlet extends HttpServlet { /** * @author 宋鹤贤 */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /* private ServletConfig config; */ @Override public void destroy() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.destroy(); System.out.println("销毁"); } public DemoServlet() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub System.out.println("创建对象"); } @Override public void init() throws ServletException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.init(); System.out.println("初始化"); } @Override public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException { super.init(config); System.out.println("--------------" + config); /* this.config=config; */ } public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { this.doPost(request, response); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { /* 设置编码 */ request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); String version = this.getServletConfig().getInitParameter("version"); String characterEncoding = this.getServletConfig().getInitParameter( "characterEncoding"); Enumeration<String> enumer = this.getServletConfig() .getInitParameterNames(); // 遍历 while (enumer.hasMoreElements()) { String name = enumer.nextElement(); String value = this.getServletConfig().getInitParameter(name); System.out.println(name + "===" + value); } /* 获取一下PrintWriter对象 */ PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.print("versin=" + version + "\tcharacterEncoding=" + characterEncoding); } }

代码如上：我们发布到tomcat中，然后开启tomcat服务器，在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8080/20111018/xxx.do，界面返回结果如下：