ARM-Linux驱动--MTD驱动分析(三)

主机：Gentoo Linux 11.2 with linux kernel 3.0.6

硬件平台：FL2440（S3C2440）with linux kernel 2.6.35

原创作品，转载请标明出处http://blog.csdn.net/yming0221/article/details/7207908

*接上文ARM-Linux驱动--MTD驱动分析(二)

本文分析MTD设备的分区管理机制

分区管理实际上是将一个MTD设备分成几个分区，将其作为单独的MTD原始设备进行管理。

1、分区的结构体描述结构体mtd_part

/* Our partition node structure */ //分区结构信息 struct mtd_part { struct mtd_info mtd;//mtd_info数据结构，会被加入mtd_table中 struct mtd_info *master;//该分区的主分区 uint64_t offset;//该分区的偏移地址 struct list_head list; };
2、分区链表mtd_partitions

/* Our partition linked list */ //声明mtd_partitions链表 static LIST_HEAD(mtd_partitions);
3、add_mtd_partitions函数

/* * This function, given a master MTD object and a partition table, creates * and registers slave MTD objects which are bound to the master according to * the partition definitions. * * We don't register the master, or expect the caller to have done so, * for reasons of data integrity. */ //根据一个MTD主设备和分区表，创建新的主设备下的副设备并记录到分区表中 //这里我们不将注射被注册到分区表中，只注册副设备到到分区表中 int add_mtd_partitions(struct mtd_info *master, const struct mtd_partition *parts, int nbparts) { struct mtd_part *slave; uint64_t cur_offset = 0; int i; printk(KERN_NOTICE "Creating %d MTD partitions on \"%s\":\n", nbparts, master->name); for (i = 0; i < nbparts; i++) {//对每一个分区调用add_one_partition函数更新分区表 slave = add_one_partition(master, parts + i, i, cur_offset); if (!slave) return -ENOMEM; cur_offset = slave->offset + slave->mtd.size; } return 0; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_mtd_partitions);
而add_one_partition函数实现如下：

//创建一个分区 static struct mtd_part *add_one_partition(struct mtd_info *master, const struct mtd_partition *part, int partno, uint64_t cur_offset) { struct mtd_part *slave; /* allocate the partition structure */ slave = kzalloc(sizeof(*slave), GFP_KERNEL);//分配内存 if (!slave) { printk(KERN_ERR"memory allocation error while creating partitions for \"%s\"\n", master->name); del_mtd_partitions(master); return NULL; } list_add(&slave->list, &mtd_partitions);//将原始设备表添加到分区表中 /* set up the MTD object for this partition */ //大部分根据master相应的信息设置MTD分区slave的信息 slave->mtd.type = master->type; slave->mtd.flags = master->flags & ~part->mask_flags; slave->mtd.size = part->size; slave->mtd.writesize = master->writesize; slave->mtd.oobsize = master->oobsize; slave->mtd.oobavail = master->oobavail; slave->mtd.subpage_sft = master->subpage_sft; slave->mtd.name = part->name; slave->mtd.owner = master->owner; slave->mtd.backing_dev_info = master->backing_dev_info; /* NOTE: we don't arrange MTDs as a tree; it'd be error-prone * to have the same data be in two different partitions. */ slave->mtd.dev.parent = master->dev.parent; slave->mtd.read = part_read; slave->mtd.write = part_write; if (master->panic_write) slave->mtd.panic_write = part_panic_write; if (master->point && master->unpoint) { slave->mtd.point = part_point; slave->mtd.unpoint = part_unpoint; } if (master->get_unmapped_area) slave->mtd.get_unmapped_area = part_get_unmapped_area; if (master->read_oob) slave->mtd.read_oob = part_read_oob; if (master->write_oob) slave->mtd.write_oob = part_write_oob; if (master->read_user_prot_reg) slave->mtd.read_user_prot_reg = part_read_user_prot_reg; if (master->read_fact_prot_reg) slave->mtd.read_fact_prot_reg = part_read_fact_prot_reg; if (master->write_user_prot_reg) slave->mtd.write_user_prot_reg = part_write_user_prot_reg; if (master->lock_user_prot_reg) slave->mtd.lock_user_prot_reg = part_lock_user_prot_reg; if (master->get_user_prot_info) slave->mtd.get_user_prot_info = part_get_user_prot_info; if (master->get_fact_prot_info) slave->mtd.get_fact_prot_info = part_get_fact_prot_info; if (master->sync) slave->mtd.sync = part_sync; if (!partno && !master->dev.class && master->suspend && master->resume) { slave->mtd.suspend = part_suspend; slave->mtd.resume = part_resume; } if (master->writev) slave->mtd.writev = part_writev; if (master->lock) slave->mtd.lock = part_lock; if (master->unlock) slave->mtd.unlock = part_unlock; if (master->block_isbad) slave->mtd.block_isbad = part_block_isbad; if (master->block_markbad) slave->mtd.block_markbad = part_block_markbad; slave->mtd.erase = part_erase; slave->master = master; slave->offset = part->offset; if (slave->offset == MTDPART_OFS_APPEND) slave->offset = cur_offset; if (slave->offset == MTDPART_OFS_NXTBLK) { slave->offset = cur_offset; if (mtd_mod_by_eb(cur_offset, master) != 0) { /* Round up to next erasesize */ slave->offset = (mtd_div_by_eb(cur_offset, master) + 1) * master->erasesize; printk(KERN_NOTICE "Moving partition %d: " "0x%012llx -> 0x%012llx\n", partno, (unsigned long long)cur_offset, (unsigned long long)slave->offset); } } if (slave->mtd.size == MTDPART_SIZ_FULL) slave->mtd.size = master->size - slave->offset; printk(KERN_NOTICE "0x%012llx-0x%012llx : \"%s\"\n", (unsigned long long)slave->offset, (unsigned long long)(slave->offset + slave->mtd.size), slave->mtd.name); /* let's do some sanity checks */ if (slave->offset >= master->size) { /* let's register it anyway to preserve ordering */ slave->offset = 0; slave->mtd.size = 0; printk(KERN_ERR"mtd: partition \"%s\" is out of reach -- disabled\n", part->name); goto out_register; } if (slave->offset + slave->mtd.size > master->size) { slave->mtd.size = master->size - slave->offset; printk(KERN_WARNING"mtd: partition \"%s\" extends beyond the end of device \"%s\" -- size truncated to %#llx\n", part->name, master->name, (unsigned long long)slave->mtd.size); } if (master->numeraseregions > 1) { /* Deal with variable erase size stuff */ int i, max = master->numeraseregions; u64 end = slave->offset + slave->mtd.size; struct mtd_erase_region_info *regions = master->eraseregions; /* Find the first erase regions which is part of this * partition. */ for (i = 0; i < max && regions[i].offset <= slave->offset; i++) ; /* The loop searched for the region _behind_ the first one */ if (i > 0) i--; /* Pick biggest erasesize */ for (; i < max && regions[i].offset < end; i++) { if (slave->mtd.erasesize < regions[i].erasesize) { slave->mtd.erasesize = regions[i].erasesize; } } BUG_ON(slave->mtd.erasesize == 0); } else { /* Single erase size */ slave->mtd.erasesize = master->erasesize; } if ((slave->mtd.flags & MTD_WRITEABLE) && mtd_mod_by_eb(slave->offset, &slave->mtd)) { /* Doesn't start on a boundary of major erase size */ /* FIXME: Let it be writable if it is on a boundary of * _minor_ erase size though */ slave->mtd.flags &= ~MTD_WRITEABLE; printk(KERN_WARNING"mtd: partition \"%s\" doesn't start on an erase block boundary -- force read-only\n", part->name); } if ((slave->mtd.flags & MTD_WRITEABLE) && mtd_mod_by_eb(slave->mtd.size, &slave->mtd)) { slave->mtd.flags &= ~MTD_WRITEABLE; printk(KERN_WARNING"mtd: partition \"%s\" doesn't end on an erase block -- force read-only\n", part->name); } slave->mtd.ecclayout = master->ecclayout; if (master->block_isbad) { uint64_t offs = 0; while (offs < slave->mtd.size) { if (master->block_isbad(master, offs + slave->offset)) slave->mtd.ecc_stats.badblocks++; offs += slave->mtd.erasesize; } } out_register: /* register our partition */ //最后调用add_mtd_device根据该设备的mtd_info信息添加设备链表，将其作为一个独立的MTD原始设备 add_mtd_device(&slave->mtd); return slave; }
4、del_mtd_partition函数

/* * This function unregisters and destroy all slave MTD objects which are * attached to the given master MTD object. */ //将一个主设备下的所有副设备删除 int del_mtd_partitions(struct mtd_info *master) { struct mtd_part *slave, *next; list_for_each_entry_safe(slave, next, &mtd_partitions, list)//遍历mtd_partitions链表，查找到指定的主设备 if (slave->master == master) { list_del(&slave->list);//将主设备下的附属设备删除 del_mtd_device(&slave->mtd);//调用del_mtd_device函数将每个设备从MTD原始设备表中删除 kfree(slave);//释放内存 } return 0; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(del_mtd_partitions);
5、其他的分区管理函数

/* * MTD methods which simply translate the effective address and pass through * to the _real_ device. */ //读取某个分区的指定数据 static int part_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); struct mtd_ecc_stats stats; int res; stats = part->master->ecc_stats; if (from >= mtd->size) len = 0; else if (from + len > mtd->size) len = mtd->size - from; res = part->master->read(part->master, from + part->offset, len, retlen, buf); if (unlikely(res)) { if (res == -EUCLEAN) mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += part->master->ecc_stats.corrected - stats.corrected; if (res == -EBADMSG) mtd->ecc_stats.failed += part->master->ecc_stats.failed - stats.failed; } return res; } static int part_point(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, void **virt, resource_size_t *phys) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); if (from >= mtd->size) len = 0; else if (from + len > mtd->size) len = mtd->size - from; return part->master->point (part->master, from + part->offset, len, retlen, virt, phys); } static void part_unpoint(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); part->master->unpoint(part->master, from + part->offset, len); } //获取空闲的内存驱动 static unsigned long part_get_unmapped_area(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned long len, unsigned long offset, unsigned long flags) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); offset += part->offset; return part->master->get_unmapped_area(part->master, len, offset, flags); } static int part_read_oob(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, struct mtd_oob_ops *ops) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); int res; if (from >= mtd->size) return -EINVAL; if (ops->datbuf && from + ops->len > mtd->size) return -EINVAL; res = part->master->read_oob(part->master, from + part->offset, ops); if (unlikely(res)) { if (res == -EUCLEAN) mtd->ecc_stats.corrected++; if (res == -EBADMSG) mtd->ecc_stats.failed++; } return res; } static int part_read_user_prot_reg(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); return part->master->read_user_prot_reg(part->master, from, len, retlen, buf); } static int part_get_user_prot_info(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct otp_info *buf, size_t len) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); return part->master->get_user_prot_info(part->master, buf, len); } static int part_read_fact_prot_reg(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); return part->master->read_fact_prot_reg(part->master, from, len, retlen, buf); } static int part_get_fact_prot_info(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct otp_info *buf, size_t len) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); return part->master->get_fact_prot_info(part->master, buf, len); } //分区写函数 static int part_write(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len, size_t *retlen, const u_char *buf) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); if (!(mtd->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE)) return -EROFS; if (to >= mtd->size) len = 0; else if (to + len > mtd->size) len = mtd->size - to; return part->master->write(part->master, to + part->offset, len, retlen, buf); } static int part_panic_write(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len, size_t *retlen, const u_char *buf) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); if (!(mtd->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE)) return -EROFS; if (to >= mtd->size) len = 0; else if (to + len > mtd->size) len = mtd->size - to; return part->master->panic_write(part->master, to + part->offset, len, retlen, buf); } static int part_write_oob(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, struct mtd_oob_ops *ops) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); if (!(mtd->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE)) return -EROFS; if (to >= mtd->size) return -EINVAL; if (ops->datbuf && to + ops->len > mtd->size) return -EINVAL; return part->master->write_oob(part->master, to + part->offset, ops); } static int part_write_user_prot_reg(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); return part->master->write_user_prot_reg(part->master, from, len, retlen, buf); } static int part_lock_user_prot_reg(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); return part->master->lock_user_prot_reg(part->master, from, len); } static int part_writev(struct mtd_info *mtd, const struct kvec *vecs, unsigned long count, loff_t to, size_t *retlen) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); if (!(mtd->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE)) return -EROFS; return part->master->writev(part->master, vecs, count, to + part->offset, retlen); } static int part_erase(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); int ret; if (!(mtd->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE)) return -EROFS; if (instr->addr >= mtd->size) return -EINVAL; instr->addr += part->offset; ret = part->master->erase(part->master, instr); if (ret) { if (instr->fail_addr != MTD_FAIL_ADDR_UNKNOWN) instr->fail_addr -= part->offset; instr->addr -= part->offset; } return ret; } void mtd_erase_callback(struct erase_info *instr) { if (instr->mtd->erase == part_erase) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(instr->mtd); if (instr->fail_addr != MTD_FAIL_ADDR_UNKNOWN) instr->fail_addr -= part->offset; instr->addr -= part->offset; } if (instr->callback) instr->callback(instr); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mtd_erase_callback); static int part_lock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); if ((len + ofs) > mtd->size) return -EINVAL; return part->master->lock(part->master, ofs + part->offset, len); } static int part_unlock(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, uint64_t len) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); if ((len + ofs) > mtd->size) return -EINVAL; return part->master->unlock(part->master, ofs + part->offset, len); } //分区同步函数 static void part_sync(struct mtd_info *mtd) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); part->master->sync(part->master); } //支持电源管理的功能函数 static int part_suspend(struct mtd_info *mtd) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); return part->master->suspend(part->master); } static void part_resume(struct mtd_info *mtd) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); part->master->resume(part->master); } static int part_block_isbad(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); if (ofs >= mtd->size) return -EINVAL; ofs += part->offset; return part->master->block_isbad(part->master, ofs); } //标记设备地址坏块 static int part_block_markbad(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs) { struct mtd_part *part = PART(mtd); int res; if (!(mtd->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE)) return -EROFS; if (ofs >= mtd->size) return -EINVAL; ofs += part->offset; res = part->master->block_markbad(part->master, ofs); if (!res) mtd->ecc_stats.badblocks++; return res; }
下篇分析具体的MTD设备，字符设备和块设备，待续........