使用cactus实现对servlet进行单元测试-CSDN博客

使用cactus实现对servlet进行单元测试

url: http://www.blogjava.net/zhyiwww/archive/2010/10/18/335459.html

步骤如下：

[1] 创建Web工程ServletTestDemo

在myeclipse中创建Web project,命名为ServletTestDemo

[2] 下载cactus-bin-1.8

从apache官方网站下载

[3] 导入cactus的相关包到项目的lib目录

导入后，/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib目录结构如下所示：

|-- lib

| |-- cactus.core.framework.uberjar.javaEE.14-1.8.1.jar

| |-- cactus.integration.ant-1.8.1.jar

| |-- cactus.integration.shared.api-1.8.1.jar

| |-- commons-codec-1.4.jar

| |-- commons-httpclient-3.1.jar

| |-- commons-logging-1.1.jar

| |-- httpunit-1.6.jar

| `-- junit-3.8.2.jar

[4] 配置项目web.xml

在项目web.xml中添加如下内容：

<servlet>

<servlet-name>ServletRedirector</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.cactus.server.ServletTestRedirector</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>param1</param-name>

<param-value>value1 used for testing</param-value>

</init-param>

</servlet>

<servlet>

<servlet-name>ServletTestRunner</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.cactus.server.runner.ServletTestRunner</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>ServletRedirector</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/ServletRedirector</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>ServletTestRunner</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/ServletTestRunner</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

[5] 创建Servlet

创建LoginServlet,代码如下：

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

public LoginServlet() {

super();

}

public void destroy() {

super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log

// Put your code here

}

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html");

PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

out

.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC ""-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"">");

out.println("<HTML>");

out.println("<HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");

out.println("<BODY>");

out.print(" This is ");

out.print(this.getClass());

out.println(", using the GET method");

out.println("</BODY>");

out.println("</HTML>");

out.flush();

out.close();

}

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html");

PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

out

.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC ""-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"">");

out.println("<HTML>");

out.println("<HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");

out.println("<BODY>");

out.print(" This is ");

out.print(this.getClass());

out.println(", using the POST method");

out.println("</BODY>");

out.println("</HTML>");

out.flush();

out.close();

}

public String getServletInfo() {

return "This is my default servlet created by Eclipse";

}

public void init() throws ServletException {

}

public void saveSession(HttpServletRequest request)

{

String testparam = request.getParameter("testparam");

request.getSession().setAttribute("testAttribute", testparam);

}

[6] 修改项目web.xml,添加servlet映射

在web.xml中添加如下内容：

<servlet>

<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>LoginServlet</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

[7] 创建Servlet测试类

创建TestLoginServlet,代码如下：

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import junit.framework.Test;

import junit.framework.TestSuite;

import org.apache.cactus.ServletTestCase;

import org.apache.cactus.WebRequest;

import com.meterware.httpunit.WebResponse;

public class TestLoginServlet extends ServletTestCase {

public TestLoginServlet(String theName) {

super(theName);

}

public static Test suite() {

return new TestSuite(TestLoginServlet.class);

}

public void beginSaveSessionOk(WebRequest webRequest) {

webRequest.addParameter("testparam", "it works!");

}

public void testSaveSessionOk() {

LoginServlet servlet = new LoginServlet();

servlet.saveSession(request);

assertEquals("it works!", session.getAttribute("testAttribute"));

}

public void endSaveSessionOk(WebResponse response) {

System.out.println("end save session ok");

}

public void beginDoGet(WebRequest webRequest) {

webRequest.addParameter("testparam", "it works!");

}

public void testDoGet() {

LoginServlet servlet = new LoginServlet();

try {

servlet.doGet(request, response);

} catch (ServletException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

[8] 复制测试结果报表样式

下载http://jakarta.apache.org/cactus/misc/cactus-report.xsl

复制cactus-report.xsl到项目的根目录。

在测试结果显示时需要此样式。

[9] 验证目录结构

执行完以上操作，目录结构如下图：

|-- src

| |-- LoginServlet.java

| `-- TestLoginServlet.java

`-- WebRoot

|-- cactus-report.xsl

|-- index.jsp

|-- META-INF

| `-- MANIFEST.MF

`-- WEB-INF

|-- cactus.properties---

|-- classes

| |-- LoginServlet.class

| `-- TestLoginServlet.class

|-- lib

| |-- cactus.core.framework.uberjar.javaEE.14-1.8.1.jar

| |-- cactus.integration.ant-1.8.1.jar

| |-- cactus.integration.shared.api-1.8.1.jar

| |-- commons-codec-1.4.jar

| |-- commons-httpclient-3.1.jar

| |-- commons-logging-1.1.jar

| |-- httpunit-1.6.jar

| `-- junit-3.8.2.jar

`-- web.xml

[10] 启动服务

[11] 执行测试

在浏览器地址栏，输入：

http://localhost:8080/ServletTestDemo/ServletTestRunner?suite=TestLoginServlet，回车，测试结果如下：

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

- < testsuites >

- < testsuite name =" TestLoginServlet " tests =" 2 " failures =" 0 " errors =" 0 " time =" 0.524 " >

< testcase name =" testSaveSessionOk " time =" 0.517 " />

< testcase name =" testDoGet " time =" 0.006 " />

</ testsuite >

</ testsuites >

此测试结果是以

xml的形式显示。

如果结构以html报表的形式显示，可以输入如下地址：

http://10.0.3.133:8080/ServletTestDemo/ServletTestRunner?suite=TestLoginServlet&xsl=cactus-report.xsl

回车，结果如下：

Unit Test Results

Designed for use with Cactus.

Summary

Tests	Failures	Errors	Success rate	Time
2	0	0	100.00%	0.527

Note: failures are anticipated and checked for with assertions while errors are unanticipated.

TestCase TestLoginServlet

Name	Status	Type	Time(s)
testSaveSessionOk	Success		0.516
testDoGet	Success		0.010

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