网页的缓存是由HTTP消息头中的“Cache-control”来控制的,常见的取值有private、no-cache、max-age、must-revalidate等,默认为private。其作用根据不同的重新浏览方式分为以下几种情况:
(1) 打开新窗口
如果指定cache-control的值为private、no-cache、must-revalidate,那么打开新窗口访问时都会重新访问服务器。而如果指定了max-age值,那么在此值内的时间里就不会重新访问服务器,例如:
Cache-control: max-age=5
表示当访问此网页后的5秒内再次访问不会去服务器
(2) 在地址栏回车
如果值为private或must-revalidate(和网上说的不一样),则只有第一次访问时会访问服务器,以后就不再访问。如果值为no-cache,那么每次都会访问。如果值为max-age,则在过期之前不会重复访问。
(3) 按后退按扭
如果值为private、must-revalidate、max-age,则不会重访问,而如果为no-cache,则每次都重复访问
(4) 按刷新按扭
无论为何值,都会重复访问
项目中使用过滤器来设置网页的缓存
配置文件的配置:
上述设置保存了1周的缓存。
(1) 打开新窗口
如果指定cache-control的值为private、no-cache、must-revalidate,那么打开新窗口访问时都会重新访问服务器。而如果指定了max-age值,那么在此值内的时间里就不会重新访问服务器,例如:
Cache-control: max-age=5
表示当访问此网页后的5秒内再次访问不会去服务器
(2) 在地址栏回车
如果值为private或must-revalidate(和网上说的不一样),则只有第一次访问时会访问服务器,以后就不再访问。如果值为no-cache,那么每次都会访问。如果值为max-age,则在过期之前不会重复访问。
(3) 按后退按扭
如果值为private、must-revalidate、max-age,则不会重访问,而如果为no-cache,则每次都重复访问
(4) 按刷新按扭
无论为何值,都会重复访问
项目中使用过滤器来设置网页的缓存
FilterConfig?fc;?
???? public ? void ?doFilter(ServletRequest?req,?ServletResponse?res,
????????????FilterChain?chain)? throws ?IOException,?ServletException? {
????????HttpServletResponse?response?=?(HttpServletResponse)?res;
????????//?set?the?provided?HTTP?response?parameters
????????for?(Enumeration?e?=?fc.getInitParameterNames();?e.hasMoreElements();)?{
????????????String?headerName?=?(String)?e.nextElement();
????????????response.addHeader(headerName,?fc.getInitParameter(headerName));
????????}
????????//?pass?the?request/response?on
????????chain.doFilter(req,?response);
????} ?
???? public ? void ?doFilter(ServletRequest?req,?ServletResponse?res,
????????????FilterChain?chain)? throws ?IOException,?ServletException? {
????????HttpServletResponse?response?=?(HttpServletResponse)?res;
????????//?set?the?provided?HTTP?response?parameters
????????for?(Enumeration?e?=?fc.getInitParameterNames();?e.hasMoreElements();)?{
????????????String?headerName?=?(String)?e.nextElement();
????????????response.addHeader(headerName,?fc.getInitParameter(headerName));
????????}
????????//?pass?the?request/response?on
????????chain.doFilter(req,?response);
????} ?
配置文件的配置:
<
filter
>
???????? < filter-name > NoCache filter-name>
????????<filter-class>filter.CacheFilterfilter-class>
????????<init-param>
????????????<param-name>Cache-Controlparam-name>
????????????<param-value>no-cache,?must-revalidateparam-value>
????????init-param>
????filter>
????<filter>
????????<filter-name>CacheForWeekfilter-name>
????????<filter-class>filter.CacheFilterfilter-class>
????????<init-param>
????????????<param-name>Cache-Controlparam-name>
????????????<param-value>max-age=604800param-value>
????????init-param>
????filter>
????<filter-mapping>
????????<filter-name>CacheForWeekfilter-name>
????????<url-pattern>*.jsurl-pattern>
????filter-mapping>
????<filter-mapping>
????????<filter-name>CacheForWeekfilter-name>
????????<url-pattern>*.cssurl-pattern>
????filter-mapping>?
????<filter-mapping>
????????<filter-name>CacheForWeekfilter-name>
????????<url-pattern>*.gifurl-pattern>
????filter-mapping>?
???????? < filter-name > NoCache filter-name>
????????<filter-class>filter.CacheFilterfilter-class>
????????<init-param>
????????????<param-name>Cache-Controlparam-name>
????????????<param-value>no-cache,?must-revalidateparam-value>
????????init-param>
????filter>
????<filter>
????????<filter-name>CacheForWeekfilter-name>
????????<filter-class>filter.CacheFilterfilter-class>
????????<init-param>
????????????<param-name>Cache-Controlparam-name>
????????????<param-value>max-age=604800param-value>
????????init-param>
????filter>
????<filter-mapping>
????????<filter-name>CacheForWeekfilter-name>
????????<url-pattern>*.jsurl-pattern>
????filter-mapping>
????<filter-mapping>
????????<filter-name>CacheForWeekfilter-name>
????????<url-pattern>*.cssurl-pattern>
????filter-mapping>?
????<filter-mapping>
????????<filter-name>CacheForWeekfilter-name>
????????<url-pattern>*.gifurl-pattern>
????filter-mapping>?
上述设置保存了1周的缓存。