java获得CPU使用率,系统内存,虚拟机内存等情况(不用JNI)

最近做个项目，就是要取得cpu占有率等等的系统信息，一开始以为要用动态链接库了，但后来发现可以像下面这样做，不去调用jni，这样省去了很多看新技术的时间o(∩_∩)o...

在Java中，可以获得总的物理内存、剩余的物理内存、已使用的物理内存等信息，下面例子可以取得这些信息，并且获得在Windows下的内存使用率。
首先编写一个MonitorInfoBean类，用来装载监控的一些信息，包括物理内存、剩余的物理内存、已使用的物理内存、内存使用率等字段，该类的代码如下：

package com.hmw.system.monitor;
public class MonitorInfoBean {
	/** 可使用内存. */
	private long totalMemory;
	/** 剩余内存. */
	private long freeMemory;
	/** 最大可使用内存. */
	private long maxMemory;
	/** 操作系统. */
	private String osName;
	/** 总的物理内存. */
	private long totalMemorySize;
	/** 剩余的物理内存. */
	private long freePhysicalMemorySize;
	/** 已使用的物理内存. */
	private long usedMemory;
	/** 线程总数. */
	private int totalThread;
	/** cpu使用率. */
	private double cpuRatio;
	public long getFreeMemory() {
		return freeMemory;
	}
	public void setFreeMemory(long freeMemory) {
		this.freeMemory = freeMemory;
	}
	public long getFreePhysicalMemorySize() {
		return freePhysicalMemorySize;
	}
	public void setFreePhysicalMemorySize(long freePhysicalMemorySize) {
		this.freePhysicalMemorySize = freePhysicalMemorySize;
	}
	public long getMaxMemory() {
		return maxMemory;
	}
	public void setMaxMemory(long maxMemory) {
		this.maxMemory = maxMemory;
	}
	public String getOsName() {
		return osName;
	}
	public void setOsName(String osName) {
		this.osName = osName;
	}
	public long getTotalMemory() {
		return totalMemory;
	}
	public void setTotalMemory(long totalMemory) {
		this.totalMemory = totalMemory;
	}
	public long getTotalMemorySize() {
		return totalMemorySize;
	}
	public void setTotalMemorySize(long totalMemorySize) {
		this.totalMemorySize = totalMemorySize;
	}
	public int getTotalThread() {
		return totalThread;
	}
	public void setTotalThread(int totalThread) {
		this.totalThread = totalThread;
	}
	public long getUsedMemory() {
		return usedMemory;
	}
	public void setUsedMemory(long usedMemory) {
		this.usedMemory = usedMemory;
	}
	public double getCpuRatio() {
		return cpuRatio;
	}
	public void setCpuRatio(double cpuRatio) {
		this.cpuRatio = cpuRatio;
	}
}

接着编写一个获得当前的监控信息的接口，该类的代码如下所示：

package com.hmw.system.monitor;
/**
 * 获取系统信息的业务逻辑类接口.
 */
public interface IMonitorService {
	/**
	 * 获得当前的监控对象.
	 * @return 返回构造好的监控对象
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public MonitorInfoBean getMonitorInfoBean() throws Exception;
}

该类的实现类MonitorServiceImpl如下所示：

package com.hmw.system.monitor;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.LineNumberReader;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import sun.management.ManagementFactory;
import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;
/**
 * 
 * 获取系统信息的业务逻辑实现类.
 * 
 * @author GuoHuang
 */
public class MonitorServiceImpl implements IMonitorService {
	private static final int CPUTIME = 30;
	private static final int PERCENT = 100;
	private static final int FAULTLENGTH = 10;
	private static String linuxVersion = null;
	/**
	 * 获得当前的监控对象.
	 * 
	 * @return 返回构造好的监控对象
	 * @throws Exception
	 * @author GuoHuang
	 */
	public MonitorInfoBean getMonitorInfoBean() throws Exception {
		int kb = 1024;
		// 可使用内存
		long totalMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() / kb;
		// 剩余内存
		long freeMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() / kb;
		// 最大可使用内存
		long maxMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / kb;
		OperatingSystemMXBean osmxb = (OperatingSystemMXBean) ManagementFactory.getOperatingSystemMXBean();
		// 操作系统
		String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
		// 总的物理内存
		long totalMemorySize = osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() / kb;
		// 剩余的物理内存
		long freePhysicalMemorySize = osmxb.getFreePhysicalMemorySize() / kb;
		// 已使用的物理内存
		long usedMemory = (osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() - osmxb.getFreePhysicalMemorySize()) / kb;
		// 获得线程总数
		ThreadGroup parentThread;
		for (parentThread = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(); parentThread.getParent() != null; parentThread = parentThread.getParent());
		int totalThread = parentThread.activeCount();
		double cpuRatio = 0;
		if (osName.toLowerCase().startsWith("windows")) {
			cpuRatio = this.getCpuRatioForWindows();
		} else {
			cpuRatio = getCpuRateForLinux();
		}
		// 构造返回对象
		MonitorInfoBean infoBean = new MonitorInfoBean();
		infoBean.setFreeMemory(freeMemory);
		infoBean.setFreePhysicalMemorySize(freePhysicalMemorySize);
		infoBean.setMaxMemory(maxMemory);
		infoBean.setOsName(osName);
		infoBean.setTotalMemory(totalMemory);
		infoBean.setTotalMemorySize(totalMemorySize);
		infoBean.setTotalThread(totalThread);
		infoBean.setUsedMemory(usedMemory);
		infoBean.setCpuRatio(cpuRatio);
		return infoBean;
	}
	private static double getCpuRateForLinux() {
		InputStream is = null;
		InputStreamReader isr = null;
		BufferedReader brStat = null;
		StringTokenizer tokenStat = null;
		try {
			System.out.println("Get usage rate of CUP , linux version: " + linuxVersion);
			Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("top -b -n 1");
			is = process.getInputStream();
			isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
			brStat = new BufferedReader(isr);
			if (linuxVersion.equals("2.4")) {
				brStat.readLine();
				brStat.readLine();
				brStat.readLine();
				brStat.readLine();
				tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine());
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				String user = tokenStat.nextToken();
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				String system = tokenStat.nextToken();
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				String nice = tokenStat.nextToken();
				System.out.println(user + " , " + system + " , " + nice);
				user = user.substring(0, user.indexOf("%"));
				system = system.substring(0, system.indexOf("%"));
				nice = nice.substring(0, nice.indexOf("%"));
				float userUsage = new Float(user).floatValue();
				float systemUsage = new Float(system).floatValue();
				float niceUsage = new Float(nice).floatValue();
				return (userUsage + systemUsage + niceUsage) / 100;
			} else {
				brStat.readLine();
				brStat.readLine();
				tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine());
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				tokenStat.nextToken();
				String cpuUsage = tokenStat.nextToken();
				System.out.println("CPU idle : " + cpuUsage);
				Float usage = new Float(cpuUsage.substring(0, cpuUsage.indexOf("%")));
				return (1 - usage.floatValue() / 100);
			}
		} catch (IOException ioe) {
			System.out.println(ioe.getMessage());
			freeResource(is, isr, brStat);
			return 1;
		} finally {
			freeResource(is, isr, brStat);
		}
	}
	private static void freeResource(InputStream is, InputStreamReader isr,
			BufferedReader br) {
		try {
			if (is != null)
				is.close();
			if (isr != null)
				isr.close();
			if (br != null)
				br.close();
		} catch (IOException ioe) {
			System.out.println(ioe.getMessage());
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 获得CPU使用率.
	 * 
	 * @return 返回cpu使用率
	 * @author GuoHuang
	 */
	private double getCpuRatioForWindows() {
		try {
			String procCmd = System.getenv("windir") + "//system32//wbem//wmic.exe process get Caption,CommandLine,KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperationCount";
			// 取进程信息
			long[] c0 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd));
			Thread.sleep(CPUTIME);
			long[] c1 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd));
			if (c0 != null && c1 != null) {
				long idletime = c1[0] - c0[0];
				long busytime = c1[1] - c0[1];
				return Double.valueOf(PERCENT * (busytime) / (busytime + idletime)).doubleValue();
			} else {
				return 0.0;
			}
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			ex.printStackTrace();
			return 0.0;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 读取CPU信息.
	 * @param proc
	 * @return
	 * @author GuoHuang
	 */
	private long[] readCpu(final Process proc) {
		long[] retn = new long[2];
		try {
			proc.getOutputStream().close();
			InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream());
			LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir);
			String line = input.readLine();
			if (line == null || line.length() < FAULTLENGTH) {
				return null;
			}
			int capidx = line.indexOf("Caption");
			int cmdidx = line.indexOf("CommandLine");
			int rocidx = line.indexOf("ReadOperationCount");
			int umtidx = line.indexOf("UserModeTime");
			int kmtidx = line.indexOf("KernelModeTime");
			int wocidx = line.indexOf("WriteOperationCount");
			long idletime = 0;
			long kneltime = 0;
			long usertime = 0;
			while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
				if (line.length() < wocidx) {
					continue;
				}
				// 字段出现顺序：Caption,CommandLine,KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,
				// ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperation
				String caption = Bytes.substring(line, capidx, cmdidx - 1).trim();
				String cmd = Bytes.substring(line, cmdidx, kmtidx - 1).trim();
				if (cmd.indexOf("wmic.exe") >= 0) {
					continue;
				}
				String s1 = Bytes.substring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim();
				String s2 = Bytes.substring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim();
				if (caption.equals("System Idle Process") || caption.equals("System")) {
					if (s1.length() > 0)
						idletime += Long.valueOf(s1).longValue();
					if (s2.length() > 0)
						idletime += Long.valueOf(s2).longValue();
					continue;
				}
				if (s1.length() > 0)
					kneltime += Long.valueOf(s1).longValue();
				if (s2.length() > 0)
					usertime += Long.valueOf(s2).longValue();
			}
			retn[0] = idletime;
			retn[1] = kneltime + usertime;
			return retn;
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			ex.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				proc.getInputStream().close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return null;
	}
	/**
	 * 测试方法.
	 * 
	 * @param args
	 * @throws Exception
	 * @author GuoHuang
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		IMonitorService service = new MonitorServiceImpl();
		MonitorInfoBean monitorInfo = service.getMonitorInfoBean();
		System.out.println("cpu占有率=" + monitorInfo.getCpuRatio());
		System.out.println("可使用内存=" + monitorInfo.getTotalMemory());
		System.out.println("剩余内存=" + monitorInfo.getFreeMemory());
		System.out.println("最大可使用内存=" + monitorInfo.getMaxMemory());
		System.out.println("操作系统=" + monitorInfo.getOsName());
		System.out.println("总的物理内存=" + monitorInfo.getTotalMemorySize() + "kb");
		System.out.println("剩余的物理内存=" + monitorInfo.getFreeMemory() + "kb");
		System.out.println("已使用的物理内存=" + monitorInfo.getUsedMemory() + "kb");
		System.out.println("线程总数=" + monitorInfo.getTotalThread() + "kb");
	}
}

该实现类中需要用到一个自己编写byte的工具类，该类的代码如下所示：

package com.hmw.system.monitor;
/**
 * byte操作类.
 */
public class Bytes {
	/**
	 * 由于String.subString对汉字处理存在问题（把一个汉字视为一个字节)，因此在 包含汉字的字符串时存在隐患，现调整如下：
	 * 
	 * @param src 要截取的字符串
	 * @param start_idx 开始坐标（包括该坐标)
	 * @param end_idx 截止坐标（包括该坐标）
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String substring(String src, int start_idx, int end_idx) {
		byte[] b = src.getBytes();
		String tgt = "";
		for (int i = start_idx; i <= end_idx; i++) {
			tgt += (char) b[i];
		}
		return tgt;
	}
}

运行下MonitorBeanImpl类，读者将会看到当前的内存、cpu利用率等信息。

文章来源: http://kakaluyi.javaeye.com/blog/211492