Given n coins and a pan balance,find the only counterfeit 3

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-15 09:47:04 发布

昆仑山白泽

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-15 09:47:04 发布

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分类专栏： algorithms 文章标签： java

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In the 1-ball case, if the status flag is already set, then we don't need to weight anymore. Otherwise, we need to find a good ball to compare.

java 代码

package solve;
import scale.Ball;
import scale.Scale;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* 1-ball case: we need a good reference ball and at most one trial
*/
public class OneBallCaseSolver
{
private Scale scale;
private Set originalBallSet;
public void findWeight(Set ballSet)
{
if (ballSet.size() != 1)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("scale.Ball set size is not 1: size=" + ballSet.size());
Ball ball = (Ball)ballSet.iterator().next();
if (!ball.getStatus().equals(Ball.UNKNOWN)) return;
// in order to figure it's good or bad, we need a good reference ball.
Ball goodBall = Utils.findGoodBall(originalBallSet);
if (goodBall == null)
{
throw new RuntimeException("can't findBallBall a good reference ball to use for the judgement");
}
// flag conversion
int result = scale.weigh(ball, goodBall);
ball.setStatus(Utils.convertToBallStatus(result));
}
public void setScale(Scale scale) { this.scale = scale; }
public void setOriginalBallSet(Set originalBallSet) { this.originalBallSet = originalBallSet; }
}

In the 2-ball case, we need to check whether the status flags for both are set. If not, then we need two weighings.

java 代码

package solve;
import scale.Scale;
import scale.Ball;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* 2-ball case: we need a good reference ball and one or two weighings.
*/
public class TwoBallCaseSolver
{
private Scale scale;
private Set originalBallSet;
public void findWeight(Set ballSet)
{
if (ballSet.size() != 2)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("scale.Ball set size is not 2: size=" + ballSet.size());
Iterator it = ballSet.iterator();
Ball balla = (Ball)it.next();
Ball ballb = (Ball)it.next();
Ball goodBall = Utils.findGoodBall(originalBallSet);
int result = scale.weigh(balla, goodBall);
balla.setStatus(Utils.convertToBallStatus(result));
if (!balla.getStatus().equals(Ball.NORMAL))
{
ballb.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
}
else if (ballb.getStatus().equals(Ball.UNKNOWN))
{
result = scale.weigh(ballb, goodBall);
ballb.setStatus(Utils.convertToBallStatus(result));
}
}
public void setScale(Scale scale) { this.scale = scale; }
public void setOriginalBallSet(Set originalBallSet) { this.originalBallSet = originalBallSet; }
}

In the above two cases, whenever we need to weigh, we need a good ball as the reference. In the 3-ball case, we don't need a good ball.

java 代码

package solve;
import scale.Scale;
import scale.Ball;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Iterator;
/**
* 3-ball case: we need two trials if all of the balls are not marked, otherwise
* we need only one trial.
*/
public class ThreeBallCaseSolver
{
private Scale scale;
public void findWeight(Set ballSet)
{
if (ballSet.size() != 3)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("scale.Ball set size is not 3: size=" + ballSet.size());
// In the 3-ball case, we can figure out which one is good.
// Here, we assume there is only one bad ball.
Iterator it = ballSet.iterator();
Ball balla = (Ball)it.next();
Ball ballb = (Ball)it.next();
Ball ballc = (Ball)it.next();
if (balla.getStatus().equals(Ball.UNKNOWN)) // This means we start with 3 balls
{
// In this case we need two trials
int result = scale.weigh(balla, ballb);
if (result == Scale.EVEN)
{
// This means balla and ballb are good, ballc is bad.
balla.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
ballb.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
if (scale.weigh(balla, ballc) == Scale.HEAVIER)
ballc.setStatus(Ball.LIGHTER);
else
ballc.setStatus(Ball.HEAVIER);
}
else //if (result == Scale.HEAVIER)
{
// This means ballc is good
ballc.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
int result1 = scale.weigh(balla, ballc);
if (result1 == Scale.EVEN) // a is also good
{
balla.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
if (result == Scale.HEAVIER)
ballb.setStatus(Ball.LIGHTER);
else
ballb.setStatus(Ball.HEAVIER);
}
else if (result1 == Scale.HEAVIER) // b is good, a is heavier
{
balla.setStatus(Ball.HEAVIER);
ballb.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
}
else
{
balla.setStatus(Ball.LIGHTER);
ballb.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
}
}
}
else // This means we start with more than 3 balls and markWeight is marked.
{
// In this case we need only 1 trial with the marked info.
// At this stage, all 3 balls are marked with either lighter or heavier.
// From the Pigeon Principle, we can choose two balls with the same mark.
Ball w1;
Ball w2;
Ball w3;
if (balla.getStatus().equals(ballb.getStatus()))
{
w1 = balla;
w2 = ballb;
w3 = ballc;
}
else if (balla.getStatus().equals(ballc.getStatus()))
{
w1 = balla;
w2 = ballc;
w3 = ballb;
}
else if (ballb.getStatus().equals(ballc.getStatus()))
{
w1 = ballb;
w2 = ballc;
w3 = balla;
}
else
{
throw new RuntimeException("The balls are not marked properly");
}
int result = scale.weigh(w1, w2);
if (result == Scale.EVEN)
{
w1.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
w2.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
}
else if (result == Scale.HEAVIER)
{
w3.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
if (w1.getStatus().equals(Ball.HEAVIER)) // heavier is bad
{
w2.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
}
else // lighter is bad
{
w1.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
}
}
else
{
w3.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
if (w1.getStatus().equals(Ball.HEAVIER))
{
w1.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
}
else
{
w2.setStatus(Ball.NORMAL);
}
}
}
}
public void setScale(Scale scale) { this.scale = scale; }
}