虚基类的作用

当一个基类被声明为虚基类后，即使它成为了多继承链路上的公共基类，最后的派生类中也只有它的一个备份 虚基类的特点： 虚基类构造函数的参数必须由最新派生出来的类负责初始化（即使不是直接继承）； 虚基类的构造函数先于非虚基类的构造函数执行。

#include <iostream> using namespace std; class CBase { protected: int a; public: CBase(int na) { a = na; cout << "CBase constructor" << endl; } ~CBase() { cout << "CBase deconstructor!" << endl; } }; class CDerive1: virtual public CBase { public: CDerive1(int na) : CBase(na) { cout << "CDerive1 constructor" << endl; } ~CDerive1() { cout << "CDerive1 deconstructor" << endl; } int GetA() { return a; } }; class CDerive2: virtual public CBase { public: CDerive2(int na): CBase(na) { cout << "CDerive2 constructor" << endl; } ~CDerive2() { cout << "CDerive2 deconstructor" << endl; } int GetA() { return a; } }; class CDerive12: public CDerive1,public CDerive2 { public: CDerive12(int na1,int na2,int na3): CDerive1(na1), CDerive2(na2), CBase(na3) { cout << "CDerive12 constructor" << endl; } ~CDerive12() { cout << "CDerive12 deconstructor" << endl; } }; void main() { CDerive12 obj(100,200,300); cout << "frome CDerive1: a = " << obj.CDerive1::GetA() << endl; cout << "frome CDerive2: a = " << obj.CDerive2::GetA() << endl << endl; }