RMI

一、简介
RMI (Remote Method Invocation) 是Java内置的分布式透明远程方法调用机制，客户端仅需要有远程服务的接口。EJB远程调用方式也是对RMI方式的封装，只是EJB是通过配置方式发布的远程服务，而RMI是通过编程方式发布的远程服务。

二、RMI原理

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0109/2992/6b56b386-9f46-3879-90f9-2b8f26464cc4.png[/img]
如图所示： RMI客户端代理了服务器端接口的访问，客户端将要访问的服务器端对象名称、方法以及参数封装成对象，然后序列化为流，发送到服务器端，服务器端进行解析，然后从RMI注册对象中获取到业务对象实例，从而完成方法的调用。


三、JDK RMI示例代码
代码功能：服务器端可以接收客户端传递的字符串，并处理后返回，如果接收到quit则停止服务。
服务器端代码：

public interface RmiDemo extends Remote{//必须实现接口Remote

   public String hello(String message) throws RemoteException;

}


public class RmiDemoImpl implements RmiDemo {


   public String hello(String message) throws RemoteException {
      if("quit".equalsIgnoreCase(message.toString().trim())){
         System.out.println("Server shutdown!");
         System.exit(0);
      }
      System.out.println("client message= "+message);
      return "hello : "+message;
   }

}


public class Server {

   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
      int port=12345;//这个可以改，选一个大于1024的
      String name="rmiDemo";
      RmiDemo rmiDemo =new RmiDemoImpl();
      UnicastRemoteObject.exportObject(rmiDemo, port);
      Registry registry=LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1099);//这个不能改
      registry.rebind(name, rmiDemo);
      System.out.println("server is listening on " + port);

   }

}

客户端代码：

public class Client {


   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
      Registry registry=LocateRegistry.getRegistry("localhost");
      String name="rmiDemo";
//    RmiDemo rmiDemo =(RmiDemo) Naming.lookup(name);
//创建服务器接口的代理
      RmiDemo rmiDemo =(RmiDemo) registry.lookup(name);
      BufferedReader systemIn=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        while(true){
         String command=systemIn.readLine();
         if(command==null || "quit".equalsIgnoreCase(command.trim())){
            System.out.println("Client quit!");
            try{
               rmiDemo.hello(command);
            }
            catch(Exception e){
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
            registry.unbind(name);
            System.exit(0);
         }
         System.out.println(rmiDemo.hello(command));
      }
   }

}

四、Spring RMI代码示例

Spring提供了RMI的封装，使用Spring框架则远程接口不需实现Remote接口，同普通类一样，将Remote同业务代码解耦。
服务器端代码：

public interface RmiDemo {


   public String hello(String message);

}


public class RmiDemoImpl implements RmiDemo {

   public String hello(String message) {
      if("quit".equalsIgnoreCase(message.toString().trim())){
         System.out.println("Server shutdown!");
         System.exit(0);
      }
      System.out.println("client message= "+message);
      return "hello : "+message;
   }
}


public class Server {


   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
      new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("server.xml");
      System.out.println("Server is listening...");
   }

}


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
<beans>

   <bean id="rmiDemo" class="org.frank1234.spring.rmi.RmiDemoImpl"/>

   <bean id="rmiBusinessService" class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiServiceExporter">
      <property name="service">
         <ref bean="rmiDemo"/>
      </property>
      <property name="serviceName">
         <value>rmiDemo</value>
      </property>
      <property name="serviceInterface">
         <value>org.frank1234.spring.rmi.RmiDemo</value>
      </property>
   </bean>

</beans>

客户端代码：

public class Client {


   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
      ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("client.xml");
      RmiDemo rmiDemo =(RmiDemo) context.getBean("rmiDemo");
      BufferedReader systemIn=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        while(true){
         String command=systemIn.readLine();
         if(command==null || "quit".equalsIgnoreCase(command.trim())){
            System.out.println("Client quit!");
            try{
               rmiDemo.hello(command);
            }
            catch(Exception e){
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.exit(0);
         }
         System.out.println(rmiDemo.hello(command));
      }
   }

}


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
<beans>

   <bean id="rmiDemo" class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiProxyFactoryBean">
      <property name="serviceUrl">
            <value>rmi://localhost/rmiDemo</value>
        </property>
        <property name="serviceInterface">
            <value>org.frank1234.spring.rmi.RmiDemo</value>
        </property>
   </bean>

</beans>

五、Spring RMI相关部分关键源码

客户端：
获取服务器代理。

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0109/2994/9b00bd20-c56a-3fd7-9b7b-fb92ef33ee26.png[/img]
服务器端：
RMI服务对象绑定和注册。

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0109/2996/b849fb86-e272-3e65-b745-9a9f57df578f.png[/img]
将发布的原始接口封装为Remote接口。

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0109/2998/37e387d2-a1cc-3922-a7d5-8d567cf19552.png[/img]