python连接数据库-CSDN博客

Python中定义了访问数据库的标准,Python Database API Specification v2.0
[url]http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0249/[/url]

DBApi中定义python访问数据库模块的API,是module实现者需要参考实现的；还定义了扩展API.
1. Module Interface
[list]
[*]connect(parameters...) 连接数据库
[*]apilevel API级别，字符串'1.0'或'2.0'表示
[*]threadsafety　线程安全级别，0,1,2,3
[*]paramstyle 绑定参数形式，qmark，numeric，named，format，pyformat
[/list]

根据异常发生的不同层次，如下异常树：
StandardError
|__Warning
|__Error
|__InterfaceError
|__DatabaseError
|__DataError
|__OperationalError
|__IntegrityError
|__InternalError
|__ProgrammingError
|__NotSupportedError

2. Connection Objects
[list]
[*].close()
[*].commit()
[*].rollback()
[*].cursor()
[/list]

3. Cursor Objects
[list]
[*].description
[*].rowcount
[*].callproc(procname[,parameters])
[*].close()
[*].execute(operation[,parameters])
[*] .executemany(operation,seq_of_parameters)
[*].fetchone()
[*].fetchmany([size=cursor.arraysize])
[*].fetchall()
[*].nextset()
[*].arraysize
[*].setinputsizes(sizes)
[*].setoutputsize(size[,column])
[/list]

4. Type Objects and Constructors
定义python与sql之间的类型转换.
[list]
[*]Date(year,month,day)
[*]Time(hour,minute,second)
[*]Timestamp(year,month,day,hour,minute,second)
[*]DateFromTicks(ticks)
[*]TimeFromTicks(ticks)
[*]TimestampFromTicks(ticks)
[*]Binary(string)
[*]STRING
[*]BINARY
[*]NUMBER
[*]DATETIME
[*]ROWID
[/list]

[b]Python访问Sqlite[/b]
Python标准库sqlite3用于python访问sqlite数据。
Sqlite: [url]http://www.sqlite.org/[/url]


import sqlite3
import os, os.path

dbfile = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'db1.sqlite')

con = sqlite3.connect(dbfile)
cur = con.cursor()

#create table and insert one record
try:
    cur.execute('''create table stocks(date text, trans text, symbol text,
        qty real, price real)''')
except sqlite3.OperationalError:
    print 'Table stocks exists,will not create it!'

cur.execute("""insert into stocks
          values ('2006-01-05','BUY','RHAT',100,35.14)""")

cur.execute('insert into stocks values(?,?,?,?,?)',
            ('2010-02-25', 'SELL', 'RHAT', 120, 40.32))

con.commit()

#select record
cur.execute('select * from stocks order by price')
print cur.rowcount

print cur.fetchone()
for r in cur.fetchall():
    print "  ", r
print cur.rowcount

con.close()