shell 脚本中传递参数3种方法的比较

#!/bin/bash
#extracting command text_text_text_line options as parameters

help_info(){
echo "NAME"
echo "\t$0"
echo "SYNOPSIS"
echo "\t$0 is a shell test about process options"
echo "DESCRIPTION"
echo "\toption like -a -b param1 -c param2 -d"
}

if [ $# -lt 0 ]
then
help_info
fi

nomal_opts_act()
{
echo -e "\n### nomal_opts_act ###\n"

while [ -n "$1" ]
do
case "$1" in
-a)
echo "Found the -a option"
;;
-b)
echo "Found the -b option"
echo "The parameter follow -b is $2"
shift
;;
-c)
echo "Found the -c option"
echo "The parameter follow -c is $2"
shift
;;
-d)
echo "Found the -d option"
;;
*)
echo "$1 is not an option"
;;
esac
shift
done

}

#用shell命令自建的选项解析，可以按照自己的想法实现

#优点：自己定制，没有做不到，只有想不到

#缺点：麻烦

getopt_act()
{
echo -e "\n### getopt_act ###\n"

GETOPTOUT=`getopt ab:c:d "$@"`
set -- $GETOPTOUT
while [ -n "$1" ]
do
case $1 in
-a)
echo "Found the -a option"
;;
-b)
echo "Found the -b option"
echo "The parameter follow -b is "$2""
shift
;;
-c)
echo "Found the -c option"
echo "The parameter follow -c is "$2""
shift
;;
-d)
echo "Found the -d option"
;;
--)
shift
break
;;
*)
echo "Unknow option: "$1""
;;
esac
shift
done

param_index=1
for param in "$@"
do
echo "Parameter $param_index:$param"
param_index=$[ $param_index + 1 ]
done
}

#用getopt命令解析选项和参数

#优点：相对与getopts来说是个半自动解析，自动组织选项和参数，用 -- 符号将选项与参数隔开

#缺点：相对于getopts的缺点

#1.需要与set -- 命令配合，不是必须，需要手动shift

#2.选项参数中不支持空格如 -a -b dog -c "earth moon" -d -f param1 param2 就会解析错误

getopts_act()
{
echo -e "\n### getopts_act ###\n"
while getopts :ab:c:d ARGS
do
case $ARGS in
a)
echo "Found the -a option"
;;
b)
echo "Found the -b option"
echo "The parameter follow -b is $OPTARG"
;;
c)
echo "Found the -c option"
echo "The parameter follow -c is $OPTARG"
;;
d)
echo "Found the -d option"
;;
*)
echo "Unknow option: $ARGS"
;;
esac
done

shift $[ $OPTIND -1 ]
param_index=1
for param in "$@"
do
echo "Parameter $param_index:$param"
param_index=$[ $param_index + 1 ]
done
}

#getopts 命令解析选项和参数

#优点：可在参数中包含空格如：-c "earth moon"

# 选项字母和参数值之间可以没有空格如：-bdog

# 可将未定义的选项绑定到?输出

# Unknow option: ?

nomal_opts_act -a -b dog -c earth -d -f param1 param2
getopts_act -a -b dog -c "earth moon" -d -f param1 param2
getopt_act -a -b dog -c earth -d -f param1 param2