使用XStream需注意的问题

这些问题是我在实际工作中遇到的，遇到一个问题就记一个问题，因为我这人脑子不太好，过段时间就会想不起来怎么解决了。

(一) 类的继承关系，在转化为xml时，父类节点应添加class属性，指明当前是哪个子类继承了它，否则在由xml转化为Object时会出错，因为XStream并不知道该把当前节点实例化为哪种类型。

(1)一个抽象类 Animal.java

package xml_chb;

public abstract class Animal ... {
privateintage;

publicintgetAge()...{
returnage;
}

publicvoidsetAge(intage)...{
this.age=age;
}
}

(2) Pig继承自Animal

package xml_chb;

public class Pig extends Animal ... {
privateintweight;

publicintgetWeight()...{
returnweight;
}

publicvoidsetWeight(intweight)...{
this.weight=weight;
}
}

(3) AnimalContor类中包含Animal类型的变量

package xml_chb;

public class AnimalContor ... {
privateStringid;
privateAnimalanimal;
publicAnimalgetAnimal()...{
returnanimal;
}
publicvoidsetAnimal(Animalanimal)...{
this.animal=animal;
}
publicStringgetId()...{
returnid;
}
publicvoidsetId(Stringid)...{
this.id=id;
}

}

(4) 将AnimalContor对象转化为xml

// 实例化一个AnimalContor对象
AnimalContorac = new AnimalContor();
ac.setId( " 0001 " );

// 生成Pig对象，并作为AnimalContor的Animal变量实例
Pigpig = new Pig();
pig.setAge( 10 );
pig.setWeight( 100 );
ac.setAnimal(pig);

// 将对象转化为xml
XStreamxstream = new XStream( new DomDriver());
xstream.alias( " animalcontor " ,AnimalContor. class );
Stringstrxml = xstream.toXML(ac);
System.out.println(strxml);

输出：

< animalcontor >
< id > 0001 </ id >
< animal class ="xml_chb.Pig" >
< weight > 100 </ weight >
< age > 10 </ age >
</ animal >
</ animalcontor >

注意，animal节点有class属性，表明当前类由哪个子类来实现

(5) 将xml转化为AnimalContor对象

animal节点有class属性

Stringstr1 = " <animalcontor><id>0002</id><animalclass='xml_chb.Pig'><weight>100</weight><age>11</age></animal></animalcontor> " ;
AnimalContorac1 = (AnimalContor)xstream.fromXML(str1);
System.out.println(ac1.getId());

输出：0002

animal节点没有class属性，会抛出异常

Stringstr2 = " <animalcontor><id>0003</id><animal><weight>100</weight><age>11</age></animal></animalcontor> " ;
AnimalContorac2 = (AnimalContor)xstream.fromXML(str2);
System.out.println(ac2.getId());

抛出如下异常：

java.lang.InstantiationError: xml_chb.Animal
at sun.reflect.GeneratedSerializationConstructorAccessor3.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:274)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.Sun14ReflectionProvider.newInstance(Sun14ReflectionProvider.java:54)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.instantiateNewInstance(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:223)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:117)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:56)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:45)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:46)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:182)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:159)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:118)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:56)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:45)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:46)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.start(TreeUnmarshaller.java:117)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.ReferenceByXPathMarshallingStrategy.unmarshal(ReferenceByXPathMarshallingStrategy.java:29)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.unmarshal(XStream.java:826)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.unmarshal(XStream.java:813)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.fromXML(XStream.java:761)
at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.fromXML(XStream.java:753)
at xml_chb.AnimalContor.main(AnimalContor.java:41)
Exception in thread "main"