RMAN 同机复制数据库

关于RMAN复制的理论知识,参考我的Blog

RMAN复制目标数据库的理论知识

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2010/07/19/5746812.aspx

实验平台:redhat+oracle10g

源库的相关信息:

ORACLE_BASE:/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_SID:ORCL

复制的数据库实例名假设为:DAVE

步骤如下:

(1)构建辅助数据库目录结构

(2)修改init.ora初始话文件

(3)创建辅助实例口令文件

(4)RMAN备份源库

(5)配置监听

(6)启动辅助库至nomount状态

(7)RMANduplicate复制实例

(8)创建spfile

一.构建辅助数据库目录结构

1.1Oracledata目录

[oracle@db1oradata]$ls

orcl

[oracle@db1oradata]$pwd

/u01/app/oracle/oradata

[oracle@db1oradata]$mkdirDAVE

[oracle@db1oradata]$ls

DAVEorcl

1.2其他目录

[oracle@db1admin]$pwd

/u01/app/oracle/admin

[oracle@db1admin]$mkdirDAVE

[oracle@db1admin]$ls

DAVEorcl

[oracle@db1admin]$cdorcl

[oracle@db1orcl]$ls

adumpbdumpcdumpdpdumppfileudump

[oracle@db1DAVE]$cd..

[oracle@db1admin]$cdDAVE

[oracle@db1DAVE]$mkdirbdump

[oracle@db1DAVE]$mkdircdump

[oracle@db1DAVE]$mkdirpfile

[oracle@db1DAVE]$mkdirudump

[oracle@db1DAVE]$ls

adumpbdumpcdumpdpdumppfileudump

二.修改init.ora初始化文件

2.1生成源库的pfile文件,默认生成位置在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下:

SQL>conn/assysdba

Connected.

SQL>createpfilefromspfile;

Filecreated.

2.2进入$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录,将init文件copy并重命名为initDAVE.ora.这个命名格式必须和实例名相同,不然数据库不能识别。

[oracle@db1DAVE]$cd$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@db1dbs]$ls

hc_orcl.datinit.oralkORCLsnapcf_orcl.f

initdw.orainitorcl.oraorapworclspfileorcl.ora

[oracle@db1dbs]$cpinitorcl.orainitDAVE.ora

[oracle@db1dbs]$ls

hc_orcl.datinitdw.orainitorcl.oraorapworclspfileorcl.ora

initDAVE.orainit.oralkORCLsnapcf_orcl.f

2.3修改initDAVE.ora文件,将orcl改成DAVE

[oracle@db1dbs]$moreinitDAVE.ora

orcl.__db_cache_size=171966464

orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__shared_pool_size=58720256

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/DAVE/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/DAVE/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'

*.control_file_record_keep_time=14

*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/control02.ctl'

,'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/control03.ctl'

*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/DAVE/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='DAVE'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)(SERVICE=orclXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archivelog'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=81788928

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sga_target=246415360

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/DAVE/udump'

db_file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE')

log_file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE')

其中红色部分就是修改的部分.Db_file_name_convertlog_file_name_convert两个参数是我们添加的,用来转换数据文件位置和redolog位置。在复制完成后,可以删除这2个参数。

三.创建DAVE实例的口令文件

[oracle@db1dbs]$cd$ORACLE_HOME/bin

[oracle@db1bin]$orapwdfile=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwDAVEpassword=admin

[oracle@db1bin]$cd$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@db1dbs]$ls

hc_orcl.datinitdw.orainitorcl.oraorapwDAVEsnapcf_orcl.f

initDAVE.orainit.oralkORCLorapworclspfileorcl.ora

windows下oracle默认的位置是$ORACLE_HOME/database目录,文件名格式是pwdSID.ora

linux下oracle默认的位置是$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录,文件名格式是orapwSID

创建完后,数据库需要重启动,新的口令文件才能生效。

关于口令文件创建,详细内容参考blog

OracleOS认证口令文件密码丢失处理

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2009/10/20/4698293.aspx

四.RMAN备份源库(orcl

[oracle@db1u02]$rmantarget/

RecoveryManager:Release10.2.0.1.0-ProductiononSunJul1810:57:532010

Copyright(c)1982,2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.

connectedtotargetdatabase:ORCL(DBID=1248423599)

RMAN>RUN{

allocatechannelc1typedisk;

allocatechannelc2typedisk;

BACKUPFORMAT'/u02/backup/orcl_%U_%T'skipinaccessiblefilesperset5DATABASETAGorcl_hot_db_bk;

sql'altersystemarchivelogcurrent';

BACKUPFORMAT'/u02/backup/arch_%U_%T'skipinaccessiblefilesperset5ARCHIVELOGALLDELETEINPUT;

backupcurrentcontrolfiletag='bak_ctlfile'format='/u02/backup/ctl_file_%U_%T';

backupspfiletag='spfile'format='/u02/backup/ORCL_spfile_%U_%T';

releasechannelc2;

releasechannelc1;

}

备份脚本,具体参考:

Linux平台下RMAN全备和增量备份shell脚本

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2010/07/16/5740630.aspx

五.添加,配置监听

5.1修改listener.ora文件,添加如下内容

SID_LIST_LISTENER=

(SID_LIST=

(SID_DESC=

(SID_NAME=PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(PROGRAM=extproc)

)

(SID_DESC=

(GLOBAL_DBNAME=DAVE)

(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME=DAVE)

)

)

5.2修改tnsnames.ora文件,添加如下内容

DAVE=

(DESCRIPTION=

(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=db1)(PORT=1521))

(CONNECT_DATA=

(SERVER=DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME=DAVE)

)

)

建议使用netmanager工具从界面来修改,这样不容易出错

Oracle数据库监听配置

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2009/11/25/4861572.aspx

OracleListener动态注册与静态注册

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2010/04/30/5543166.aspx

六.启动辅助库到nomount状态

[oracle@db1admin]$exportORACLE_SID=DAVE

[oracle@db1admin]$sqlplus/nolog

SQL*Plus:Release10.2.0.1.0-ProductiononSunJul1811:17:012010

Copyright(c)1982,2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.

SQL>conn/assysdba

Connectedtoanidleinstance.

SQL>startupnomountpfile=?/dbs/initDAVE.ora--注意要指定pfile

ORACLEinstancestarted.

TotalSystemGlobalArea247463936bytes

FixedSize1218748bytes

VariableSize79693636bytes

DatabaseBuffers159383552bytes

RedoBuffers7168000bytes

SQL>

七.RMAN连接到目标实例和辅助实例,运行duplicate命令复制数据库

[oracle@db1u02]$exportORACLE_SID=orcl

[oracle@db1u02]$rmantarget/

RecoveryManager:Release10.2.0.1.0-ProductiononSunJul1811:41:012010

Copyright(c)1982,2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.

connectedtotargetdatabase:ORCL(DBID=1248423599)

RMAN>connectauxiliarysys/admin@DAVE;

connectedtoauxiliarydatabase:DAVE(notmounted)

RMAN>duplicatetargetdatabasetoDAVE;

StartingDuplicateDbat18-JUL-10

usingtargetdatabasecontrolfileinsteadofrecoverycatalog--用的是原来的控制文件

allocatedchannel:ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:sid=155devtype=DISK

contentsofMemoryScript:

{

setuntilscn697286;

setnewnamefordatafile1to"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/system01.dbf";--转换文件位置

setnewnamefordatafile2to"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/undotbs01.dbf";

setnewnamefordatafile3to"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/sysaux01.dbf";

setnewnamefordatafile4to"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/users01.dbf";

setnewnamefordatafile5to"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/example01.dbf";

restore

checkreadonly

clonedatabase;

}

executingMemoryScript

executingcommand:SETuntilclause

executingcommand:SETNEWNAME

executingcommand:SETNEWNAME

executingcommand:SETNEWNAME

executingcommand:SETNEWNAME

executingcommand:SETNEWNAME

Startingrestoreat18-JUL-10

usingchannelORA_AUX_DISK_1

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:startingdatafilebackupsetrestore--开始restore数据文件

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:specifyingdatafile(s)torestorefrombackupset

restoringdatafile00002to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/undotbs01.dbf

restoringdatafile00003to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/sysaux01.dbf

restoringdatafile00005to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/example01.dbf

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:readingfrombackuppiece/u02/backup/orcl_39lj3bmt_1_1_20100718

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restoredbackuppiece1

piecehandle=/u02/backup/orcl_39lj3bmt_1_1_20100718tag=ORCL_HOT_DB_BK

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:47

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:startingdatafilebackupsetrestore

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:specifyingdatafile(s)torestorefrombackupset

restoringdatafile00001to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/system01.dbf

restoringdatafile00004to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/users01.dbf

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:readingfrombackuppiece/u02/backup/orcl_38lj3bmt_1_1_20100718

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restoredbackuppiece1

piecehandle=/u02/backup/orcl_38lj3bmt_1_1_20100718tag=ORCL_HOT_DB_BK

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:45

Finishedrestoreat18-JUL-10

sqlstatement:CREATECONTROLFILEREUSESETDATABASE"DAVE"RESETLOGSARCHIVELOG

--创建源库的控制文件,然后用这个控制文件进行恢复

MAXLOGFILES16

MAXLOGMEMBERS3

MAXDATAFILES100

MAXINSTANCES8

MAXLOGHISTORY292

LOGFILE

GROUP1('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/redo01.log')SIZE50MREUSE,

GROUP2('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/redo02.log')SIZE50MREUSE,

GROUP3('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/redo03.log')SIZE50MREUSE

DATAFILE

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/system01.dbf'

CHARACTERSETWE8ISO8859P1

contentsofMemoryScript:

{

switchclonedatafileall;

}

executingMemoryScript

releasedchannel:ORA_AUX_DISK_1

datafile2switchedtodatafilecopy

inputdatafilecopyrecid=1stamp=724679047filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/undotbs01.dbf

datafile3switchedtodatafilecopy

inputdatafilecopyrecid=2stamp=724679047filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/sysaux01.dbf

datafile4switchedtodatafilecopy

inputdatafilecopyrecid=3stamp=724679047filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/users01.dbf

datafile5switchedtodatafilecopy

inputdatafilecopyrecid=4stamp=724679047filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/example01.dbf

contentsofMemoryScript:

{

setuntilscn697286;

recover

clonedatabase

deletearchivelog

;

}

executingMemoryScript

executingcommand:SETuntilclause

Startingrecoverat18-JUL-10--开始recover恢复数据

allocatedchannel:ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:sid=155devtype=DISK

startingmediarecovery

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:startingarchivelogrestoretodefaultdestination

--先将归档日志还原到指定的归档目录:log_archive_dest参数指定

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restoringarchivelog

archivelogthread=1sequence=41

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:readingfrombackuppiece/u02/backup/arch_3dlj3bro_1_1_20100718

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restoredbackuppiece1

piecehandle=/u02/backup/arch_3dlj3bro_1_1_20100718tag=TAG20100718T110111

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:02

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:startingarchivelogrestoretodefaultdestination

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restoringarchivelog

archivelogthread=1sequence=40

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:readingfrombackuppiece/u02/backup/arch_3clj3bro_1_1_20100718

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restoredbackuppiece1

piecehandle=/u02/backup/arch_3clj3bro_1_1_20100718tag=TAG20100718T110111

channelORA_AUX_DISK_1:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:01

archivelogfilename=/u01/archivelog/1_40_720642866.dbfthread=1sequence=40

channelclone_default:deletingarchivelog(s)

archivelogfilename=/u01/archivelog/1_40_720642866.dbfrecid=2stamp=724679053

archivelogfilename=/u01/archivelog/1_41_720642866.dbfthread=1sequence=41

channelclone_default:deletingarchivelog(s)

archivelogfilename=/u01/archivelog/1_41_720642866.dbfrecid=1stamp=724679052

mediarecoverycomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:04

Finishedrecoverat18-JUL-10

contentsofMemoryScript:

{

shutdownclone;

startupclonenomount;

--这里要注意的一个地方,在这一步的时候,辅助实例不能有任何session打开,即不能有有任何连接连接到DAVE上,不然它会一直那个session退出后才能执行

}

executingMemoryScript

databasedismounted

Oracleinstanceshutdown

connectedtoauxiliarydatabase(notstarted)

Oracleinstancestarted

TotalSystemGlobalArea247463936bytes

FixedSize1218748bytes

VariableSize79693636bytes

DatabaseBuffers159383552bytes

RedoBuffers7168000bytes

sqlstatement:CREATECONTROLFILEREUSESETDATABASE"DAVE"RESETLOGSARCHIVELOG

--复制已经完成,创建新的控制文件(DAVE的控制文件),可以参考理论知识的连接

MAXLOGFILES16

MAXLOGMEMBERS3

MAXDATAFILES100

MAXINSTANCES8

MAXLOGHISTORY292

LOGFILE

GROUP1('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/redo01.log')SIZE50MREUSE,

GROUP2('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/redo02.log')SIZE50MREUSE,

GROUP3('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/redo03.log')SIZE50MREUSE

DATAFILE

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/system01.dbf'

CHARACTERSETWE8ISO8859P1

contentsofMemoryScript:

{

setnewnamefortempfile1to"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/temp01.dbf";

switchclonetempfileall;

catalogclonedatafilecopy"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/undotbs01.dbf";

catalogclonedatafilecopy"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/sysaux01.dbf";

catalogclonedatafilecopy"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/users01.dbf";

catalogclonedatafilecopy"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/example01.dbf";

switchclonedatafileall;

}

executingMemoryScript

executingcommand:SETNEWNAME

renamedtemporaryfile1to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/temp01.dbfincontrolfile

catalogeddatafilecopydatafilecopyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/undotbs01.dbfrecid=1stamp=724679599

catalogeddatafilecopydatafilecopyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/sysaux01.dbfrecid=2stamp=724679599

catalogeddatafilecopydatafilecopyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/users01.dbfrecid=3stamp=724679599

catalogeddatafilecopydatafilecopyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/example01.dbfrecid=4stamp=724679599

datafile2switchedtodatafilecopy

inputdatafilecopyrecid=1stamp=724679599filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/undotbs01.dbf

datafile3switchedtodatafilecopy

inputdatafilecopyrecid=2stamp=724679599filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/sysaux01.dbf

datafile4switchedtodatafilecopy

inputdatafilecopyrecid=3stamp=724679599filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/users01.dbf

datafile5switchedtodatafilecopy

inputdatafilecopyrecid=4stamp=724679599filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE/example01.dbf

contentsofMemoryScript:

{

Alterclonedatabaseopenresetlogs;

}

executingMemoryScript

databaseopened

FinishedDuplicateDbat18-JUL-10

八.修改辅助库的pfile,在创建spfile

8.1删除下面2句:

db_file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE')

log_file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DAVE')

8.2创建spfile

[oracle@db1dbs]$sqlplus/nolog

SQL*Plus:Release10.2.0.1.0-ProductiononSunJul1812:11:282010

Copyright(c)1982,2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.

SQL>connsys/admin@DAVEassysdba;

Connected.

SQL>createspfilefrompfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initDAVE.ora';

Filecreated.

九.如果使用磁带备份

完成了上面的8步,RMAN的同机复制就已经完成了。如果要在相同的服务器上复制磁带备份,只需要在最后运行duplicate命令前插入一个额外的步骤即可。该步骤配置辅助通道,使之与执行备份的通道类型。

9.1先在源库上执行showchannel命令,查看通道信息

9.2然后在创建相应的configure命令来匹配辅助的通道

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相关视频:http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2009/11/27/4886500.aspx

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