Emacs开发Java之安装

Emacs开发Java

前言

笔者把多年UBuntu上用Emacs和Maven开发Java应用（包括TestNG和Web application)的技巧总结出来，希望对有志于Linux开发的朋友有帮助。我并不反对用IDE开发，但是很多时候，Emacs能够带来更快的速度（同时对机器硬件要求也很小），对Java工程的更透彻了解，更容易和开源领域的工程师交流。我还不怎么喜欢用鼠标，Emacs让我能够解放我的右手。

安装

1.确保你已经安装了JDK
2.确保你安装了Maven
3.安装Emacs:sudo apt-get install emacs
4.下载jdee-bin-2.4.0.1.zip和依赖文件elib-1.0.zip,地址在这里：http://sourceforge.net/projects/jdee/files/
5.将两个文件解压到/opt/emacs_plugins/目录下面
6.还需要下载ecb-2.40和ecb.el，也放在emacs_plugins目录下
7.下载javadoc-help的javadoc-help.el文件放在/opt/emacs_plugins/java目录下面http://javadochelp.sourceforge.net/

配置.emacs

指定jdk

'(jde-jdk-registry (quote (("1.6.0_29" . "/usr/jdk1.6.0_29"))))


配置JDEE

'(jde-jdk-registry (quote (("1.6.0_29" . "/usr/jdk1.6.0_29")))) ;;JDEE configuration (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/jdee-2.4.0.1/lisp")) (load-file "/opt/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0pre7/common/cedet.el") (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/elib-1.0")) (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40")) ;;(add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/jde-jalopy")) (load-file (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40/ecb.el")) (require 'font-lock) (require 'ecb) (require 'ecb-autoloads) (require 'jde) (custom-set-variables '(browse-url-browser-function (quote browse-url-generic)) '(browse-url-generic-program "chromium-browser") '(column-number-mode t) '(jde-complete-function (quote jde-complete-menu)) '(jde-debugger (quote ("jdb"))) '(jde-jdk-registry (quote (("1.6.0_29" . "/usr/jdk1.6.0_29")))) '(jde-resolve-relative-paths-p t) '(jde-run-option-debug (quote ("Server" "Socket" "javadebug" nil "5005" t))))

查看API文档

可惜的是javadoc-helper不能检索jdk文档。自己在浏览器里面保留一个书签代替吧。

;; Java document support (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/java")) (require 'javadoc-help) (javadoc-set-predefined-urls '("/opt/java_docs/common-cache-1.0.0-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/commons-codec-1.4-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/commons-logging-1.1.1-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/ehcache-server-1.0.0-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/gson-1.7.1-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/jcommander-1.12-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/jersey-apache-client-1.9.1-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/jersey-client-1.9.1-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/jersey-core-1.9.1-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/joda-time-1.6.2-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/junit-4.8.2-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/logback-classic-1.0.0-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/logback-core-1.0.0-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/lombok-0.10.4-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/mongo-java-driver-2.7.2-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/mybatis-3.0.5-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/slf4j-api-1.6.4-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/snakeyaml-1.6-javadoc" "/opt/java_docs/testng-6.1.1-javadoc")) (global-set-key [(f1)] 'javadoc-lookup) ; F1 to lookup (global-set-key [(shift f1)] 'javadoc-help) ; Shift-F1 to bring up menu
注意，上面的文档目录都是自己从互联网上下载的，如果使用maven构建项目，可以很方便的用一个脚本文件将文件jar包下载下来，并且复制到/opt/java_docs/目录下。

mvn clean mvn dependency:resolve -Dclassifier=javadoc rm -rf /opt/java_docs mkdir /opt/java_docs cp $(find ~/.m2/repository/ -name *javadoc.jar) /opt/java_docs/

下面这个脚本可以帮助我把所有jar文件解压到同名目录下。

#!bin/sh path=/opt/java_docs for f in $(ls $path/*.jar); do name=`basename $f` name2=`echo $name | sed 's/\.jar//g'` echo $name2 mkdir $path/$name2 cd $path/$name2 jar xvf $path/$name done rm -f *.jar
这个脚本可以生成需要配置的目录路径，用在.emacs中。

path=/opt/java_docs for f in $(ls $path/); do name=`basename $f` echo \"/opt/java_docs/$name\" done

配置工程文件

为每一个Maven工程目录里面创建一个prj.el文件。下面的是一个例子。/opt/jdk_src的jdk源代码文件是从jdk目录的src.zip解压而来。
jde-global-classpath里面列出了本项目使用的jar包。注意是绝对路径。
'(jde-db-option-connect-socket (quote (nil "5005"))) 指的是远程调试的连接端口，后面调试一节再细讲。
'jde-sourcepath 里面指定了源代码路径
手动配置这些东西的确有点麻烦，将来可以学点lisp编程，在Emacs里面自动产生这个文件。先凑合着用吧。

(jde-project-file-version "1.0") (jde-set-variables '(jde-db-source-directoiries "/opt/jdk_src") '(jde-global-classpath (quote ("./target/classes" "./target/test-classes" "/home/chenshu/.m2/repository/joda-time/joda-time/1.6.2/joda-time-1.6.2.jar" "/home/chenshu/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-client/1.9.1/jersey-client-1.9.1.jar" "/home/chenshu/.m2/repository/org/testng/testng/6.0.1/testng-6.0.1.jar"))) '(jde-db-option-connect-socket (quote (nil "5005"))) '(jde-sourcepath (quote ("./src/main/java/com/freebird/business" "./src/test/java/com/freebird/test" ))))

Windows7 下的配置

最后附一个windows7的配置，当时整了好久，早算cedet不报错，勉强能用。

(setq debug-on-error t) (global-set-key [f5] (lambda() (interactive) (revert-buffer t t))) (setq c-basic-offset 4) (show-paren-mode) ;;JDEE configuration (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/jdee-2.4.0.1/lisp")) (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/common")) (load-file "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/common/cedet.el") (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/semantic")) (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/eieio")) (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/speedbar")) (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/elib-1.0")) (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40")) (load-file (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40/ecb.el")) (require 'font-lock) (require 'ecb) (require 'ecb-autoloads) (require 'jde) (custom-set-variables '(browse-url-browser-function (quote browse-url-generic)) '(browse-url-generic-program "chromium-browser") '(column-number-mode t) '(jde-gen-buffer-boilerplate (quote (nil " //Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Esri // Esri (Beijing) Software Research and Development Center // // All rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States. "))) '(jde-complete-function (quote jde-complete-menu)) '(jde-debugger (quote ("jdb"))) '(jde-db-option-connect-socket (quote (nil "9009"))) '(jde-jdk-registry (quote (("1.6.0_29" . "C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_29")))) '(jde-resolve-relative-paths-p t) '(jde-run-option-debug (quote ("Server" "Socket" "javadebug" nil "5005" t)))) (setq tab-width 4) (setq c-basic-offset 2)
由于公司规定，里面增加了开发用的文件头的说明。