最近在做的是web server从apache到nginx的转换,
主要的工作就是日志格式还有rewrite以及虚拟主机的转换。
以下是我查阅到的比较有用的配置资料和一些总结:
1、apache的LogFormat选项(配置参数/内置变量):
(来自:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_log_config.html#formats)
The characteristics of the request itself are logged by placing "%
" directives in the format string, which are replaced in the log file by the values as follows:
Format String | Description | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
%% | The percent sign | ||||||
%a | Remote IP-address | ||||||
%A | Local IP-address | ||||||
%B | Size of response in bytes, excluding HTTP headers. | ||||||
%b | Size of response in bytes, excluding HTTP headers. In CLF format, i.e. a '- ' rather than a 0 when no bytes are sent. | ||||||
%{Foobar}C | The contents of cookie Foobar in the request sent to the server. Only version 0 cookies are fully supported. | ||||||
%D | The time taken to serve the request, in microseconds. | ||||||
%{FOOBAR}e | The contents of the environment variable FOOBAR | ||||||
%f | Filename | ||||||
%h | Remote host | ||||||
%H | The request protocol | ||||||
%{Foobar}i | The contents of Foobar: header line(s) in the request sent to the server. Changes made by other modules (e.g. mod_headers ) affect this. If you're interested in what the request header was prior to when most modules would have modified it, use mod_setenvif to copy the header into an internal environment variable and log that value with the %{VARNAME}e described above. | ||||||
%k | Number of keepalive requests handled on this connection. Interesting if KeepAlive is being used, so that, for example, a '1' means the first keepalive request after the initial one, '2' the second, etc...; otherwise this is always 0 (indicating the initial request). Available in versions 2.2.11 and later. | ||||||
%l | Remote logname (from identd, if supplied). This will return a dash unless mod_ident is present and IdentityCheck is set On . | ||||||
%m | The request method | ||||||
%{Foobar}n | The contents of note Foobar from another module. | ||||||
%{Foobar}o | The contents of Foobar: header line(s) in the reply. | ||||||
%p | The canonical port of the server serving the request | ||||||
%{format}p | The canonical port of the server serving the request or the server's actual port or the client's actual port. Valid formats are canonical , local , orremote . | ||||||
%P | The process ID of the child that serviced the request. | ||||||
%{format}P | The process ID or thread id of the child that serviced the request. Valid formats are pid , tid , and hextid . hextid requires APR 1.2.0 or higher. | ||||||
%q | The query string (prepended with a ? if a query string exists, otherwise an empty string) | ||||||
%r | First line of request | ||||||
%R | The handler generating the response (if any). | ||||||
%s | Status. For requests that got internally redirected, this is the status of the *original* request --- %>s for the last. | ||||||
%t | Time the request was received (standard english format) | ||||||
%{format}t | The time, in the form given by format, which should be in strftime(3) format. (potentially localized) | ||||||
%T | The time taken to serve the request, in seconds. | ||||||
%u | Remote user (from auth; may be bogus if return status (%s ) is 401) | ||||||
%U | The URL path requested, not including any query string. | ||||||
%v | The canonical ServerName of the server serving the request. | ||||||
%V | The server name according to the UseCanonicalName setting. | ||||||
%X | Connection status when response is completed:
(This directive was | ||||||
%I | Bytes received, including request and headers, cannot be zero. You need to enable mod_logio to use this. | ||||||
%O | Bytes sent, including headers, cannot be zero. You need to enable mod_logio to use this. |
2、nginx的log_format配置参数(内置变量):
(来自:http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.html#log_format)
The log format can contain common variables, and variables that exist only at the time of a log write:
-
the number of bytes sent to a client not counting the response header; this variable is compatible with the “
%B
” parameter of themod_log_config
Apache module - the number of bytes sent to a client
- connection serial number
- the current number of requests made through a connection
- time in seconds with a milliseconds resolution at the time of log write
-
“
p
” if request was pipelined, “.
” otherwise - request length (including request line, header, and request body)
- request processing time in seconds with a milliseconds resolution; time elapsed between the first bytes were read from the client and the log write after the last bytes were sent to the client
- response status
- local time in the ISO 8601 standard format
- local time in the Common Log Format
$body_bytes_sent
$bytes_sent
$connection
$connection_requests (nginx 1.1.18版本及以后版本才有这个变量)
$msec
$pipe
$request_length
$request_time
$status
$time_iso8601
$time_local
Header lines sent to a client have the prefix “sent_http_
”,
for example, $sent_http_content_range
.
The configuration always includes the predefined format “combined
”:
log_format combined '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ' '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent ' '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';