Oracle rdba和 dba 说明

一.DB(Data block)

From:http://www.orafaq.com/wiki/Data_block

A data block is the smallest unit of storage in anOracle database. Every database has a default block size (specified when the database is created), although blocks in differenttablespacesmay have different block sizes.

Anextentconsist of one or more contiguous Oracle data blocks. A block determines the finest level of granularity of where data can be stored. One data block corresponds to a specific number of bytes of physical space on disk.

Information about data blocks can be retrieved from the data dictionary views USER_SEGMENTS and USER_EXTENTS. These views show how many blocks are allocated for database object and how many blocks are available(free) in asegment/extent.

1.1 Dumping data blocks

Start by getting the file and block number to dump. Example:

SQL>SELECT

2dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) REL_FNO,

3dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) BLOCKNO,

4dbms_rowid.rowid_row_number(rowid) ROWNO,

5empno, ename

6FROM emp WHERE empno = 7369;

REL_FNOBLOCKNOROWNOEMPNO ENAME

---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

42007369 SMITH

Dump the block:

SQL>alter system dump datafile 4 block 20;

System altered.

Look for the newly created dump file in your UDUMP directory.

-- dump多个blocks

Use the following syntax to dump multiple blocks:

ALTER SYSTEM dump datafile <file_id> block min <block_id> block max <block_id+blocks-1>;

1.2Analyzing data block dumps

From the above block dump:

block_row_dump:

tab 0, row 0, @0x1d49

tl: 38 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x0cc: 8

col0: [ 3]c2 4a 46

col1: [ 5]53 4d 49 54 48

col2: [ 5]43 4c 45 52 4b

col3: [ 3]c2 50 03

col4: [ 7]77 b4 0c 11 01 01 01

col5: [ 2]c2 09

col6: *NULL*

col7: [ 2]c1 15

Converting back to table values:

Col 0 (EMPNO)

SQL> SELECT utl_raw.cast_to_number(replace('c2 4a 46',' ')) value FROM dual;

VALUE

----------

7369

Col 2 (ENAME) - simply convert the hex values to ascii - 53 4d 49 54 48 -> SMITH. Alternatively:

SQL> SELECT utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(replace('53 4d 49 54 48',' ')) value FROM dual;

VALUE

---------

SMITH

二.DBA（Data Block Address）

From：http://www.orafaq.com/wiki/Data_block_address

AData Block Address(DBA) is the address of an Oracledata blockfor access purposes.

DBA一般指绝对数据块地址. rowid用来表示一行的物理地址，一行唯一确定一个rowid，并且在使用中一般不会改变，除非rowid之后在行的物理位置发生改变的情况下才会发生变化。在rowid中，就有一段是来表示DBA的。有关rowid的内容，参考我的Blog：

Oracle Rowid介绍

http://blog.csdn.net/xujinyang/article/details/6829751

2.1 Find the DBA for a given row

Start by getting the file and block number of the row. Example:

SQL>SELECT

2dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) REL_FNO,

3dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) BLOCKNO,

4empno, ename

5FROM emp WHERE empno = 7369;

REL_FNOBLOCKNOEMPNO ENAME

---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

4207369 SMITH

2.2 convert the file and block numbers to a DBA address:

SQL> variable dba varchar2(30)

SQL>exec :dba := dbms_utility.make_data_block_address(4, 20);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> print dba

DBA

--------------------------------

16777236

2.3Convert a DBA back to file and block numbers

Example:

SQL> SELECT dbms_utility.data_block_address_block(16777236) "BLOCK",

2dbms_utility.data_block_address_file(16777236) "FILE"

3FROM dual;

BLOCKFILE

---------- ----------

204

三.RDBA（Tablespace relative database block address）

在讲RDBA之前，要先了解下rowid的组成。关于rowid的内容，参考我的blog：

Oracle Rowid介绍

http://blog.csdn.net/xujinyang/article/details/6829751

RDBA是相对数据块地址，是数据字典(表空间及一些对象定义)所在块的地址。

oracle 8以后，rowid的存储空间扩大到了10个字节(32bit object#+10bit rfile#+22bit block#+16bit row#)。rdba就是rowid中的rfile#+block#。

SYS@anqing1(rac1)> SELECT

rowid,

dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) REL_FNO,

dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) BLOCKNO,

dbms_rowid.rowid_row_number(rowid) ROWNO,

empno, ename

FROM scott.emp WHEREempno = 7521;

ROWIDREL_FNOBLOCKNOROWNOEMPNO ENAME

------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

AAAMfMAAEAAAAAgAAA43207369 SMITH

rowid = AAAMfMAAEAAAAAgAAA

BlockNo= 4

rowno =0

把这个block dump到trace:

SYS@anqing1(rac1)> alter system dump datafile 4 block 32;

System altered.

查看当前的trace文件位置：

SYS@anqing1(rac1)> oradebug setmypid;

Statement processed.

SYS@anqing1(rac1)> oradebug tracefile_name

/u01/app/oracle/admin/anqing/udump/anqing1_ora_19997.trc

查看trace file：

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/admin/anqing/udump/anqing1_ora_19997.trc

*** 2011-06-07 11:02:30.023

Start dump data blocks tsn: 4 file#: 4 minblk 32 maxblk 32

buffer tsn: 4 rdba:0x01000020(4/32)-- rdba的值

scn: 0x0000.0006bfdb seq: 0x10 flg: 0x06 tail: 0xbfdb0610

frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0x26a0 type: 0x06=trans data

Hex dump of block: st=0, typ_found=1

Dump of memory from 0x0ED09400 to 0x0ED0B400

ED09400 0000A206 01000020 0006BFDB 06100000[.... ...........]

ED09410 000026A0 00180001 0000C7CC 0006BFD9[.&..............]

.....

ED094A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000[................]

Repeat 465 times

ED0B1C0 00000000 08012C00 2350C203 4C494D06[.....,....P#.MIL]

ED0B1D0 0552454C 52454C43 4EC2034B B6770753[LER.CLERK..NS.w.]

....

ED0B3E0 05485449 52454C43 50C2034B B4770703[ITH.CLERK..P..w.]

ED0B3F0 0101110C 09C20201 15C102FF BFDB0610[................]

Block header dump:0x01000020

Object id on Block? Y

seg/obj: 0xc7cccsc: 0x00.6bfd9itc: 2flg: Etyp: 1 - DATA

brn: 0bdba: 0x1000019 ver: 0x01 opc: 0

inc: 0exflg: 0

ItlXidUbaFlagLckScn/Fsc

0x010x0003.011.000000f20x00805794.00c8.49--U-14fsc 0x0000.0006bfdb

0x020x0000.000.000000000x00000000.0000.00----0fsc 0x0000.00000000

data_block_dump,data header at 0xed09464

===============

tsiz: 0x1f98

hsiz: 0x2e

pbl: 0x0ed09464

bdba: 0x01000020

76543210

flag=--------

ntab=1

nrow=14

frre=-1

fsbo=0x2e

fseo=0x1d61

avsp=0x1d33

tosp=0x1d33

0xe:pti[0]nrow=14 offs=0--该块中保存了14条记录。从row 0到row 13

0x12:pri[0]offs=0x1f72

0x14:pri[1]offs=0x1f47

0x16:pri[2]offs=0x1f1c

0x18:pri[3]offs=0x1ef3

0x1a:pri[4]offs=0x1ec6

0x1c:pri[5]offs=0x1e9d

0x1e:pri[6]offs=0x1e74

0x20:pri[7]offs=0x1e4c

0x22:pri[8]offs=0x1e26

0x24:pri[9]offs=0x1dfb

0x26:pri[10]offs=0x1dd5

0x28:pri[11]offs=0x1daf

0x2a:pri[12]offs=0x1d88

0x2c:pri[13]offs=0x1d61

block_row_dump:

tab 0, row 0, @0x1f72

tl: 38 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x1cc: 8

col0: [ 3]c2 4a 46

col1: [ 5]53 4d 49 54 48

col2: [ 5]43 4c 45 52 4b

col3: [ 3]c2 50 03

col4: [ 7]77 b4 0c 11 01 01 01

col5: [ 2]c2 09

col6: *NULL*

col7: [ 2]c1 15

tab 0, row 1, @0x1f47

tl: 43 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x1cc: 8

col0: [ 3]c2 4b 64

col1: [ 5]41 4c 4c 45 4e

col2: [ 8]53 41 4c 45 53 4d 41 4e

col3: [ 3]c2 4d 63

col4: [ 7]77 b5 02 14 01 01 01

col5: [ 2]c2 11

col6: [ 2]c2 04

col7: [ 2]c1 1f

tab 0, row 2, @0x1f1c

tl: 43 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x1cc: 8

col0: [ 3]c2 4c 16

col1: [ 4]57 41 52 44

col2: [ 8]53 41 4c 45 53 4d 41 4e

col3: [ 3]c2 4d 63

col4: [ 7]77 b5 02 16 01 01 01

col5: [ 3]c2 0d 33

col6: [ 2]c2 06

col7: [ 2]c1 1f

tab 0, row 3, @0x1ef3

...

tab 0, row 13, @0x1d61

tl: 39 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x1cc: 8

col0: [ 3]c2 50 23

col1: [ 6]4d 49 4c 4c 45 52

col2: [ 5]43 4c 45 52 4b

col3: [ 3]c2 4e 53

col4: [ 7]77 b6 01 17 01 01 01

col5: [ 2]c2 0e

col6: *NULL*

col7: [ 2]c1 0b

end_of_block_dump

End dump data blocks tsn: 4 file#: 4 minblk 32 maxblk 32

[oracle@rac1 ~]$

/* Formatted on 2011/6/7 11:27:10 (QP5 v5.163.1008.3004) */

SELECTDBMS_UTILITY.data_block_address_file(

TO_NUMBER(LTRIM('0x01000020','0x'),'xxxxxxxx'))

ASfile_no,

DBMS_UTILITY.data_block_address_block(

TO_NUMBER(LTRIM('0x01000020','0x'),'xxxxxxxx'))

ASblock_no

FROMDUAL;

FILE_NOBLOCK_NO

---------- ----------

432

这个和我们之前在rowid里查看的一致。

刚才说了，在32这个块里保存了14条row记录，我们继续查询一下我们where=7521那条：

tab 0, row 13, @0x1d61

SYS@anqing1(rac1)> select DBMS_UTILITY.data_block_address_block (TO_NUMBER (LTRIM ('0x1d61', '0x'),'xxxxxxxx')) as block_no from dual;

BLOCK_NO

----------

7521

我们查询的那条row记录在最后一条。

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