滚动组件
AWT中的滚动组件包括Scrollbar(滚动条)和滚动面板(ScrollPane)两种。
滚动条ScrollBar:在指定的取值范围内快速选取某一值的功能。
构造方法
public Scrollbar(int orientation,int value,int visible,int minimum,int maximum)
参数orientation的取值:Scrollbar.HORIZONTAL表示水平滚动条;Scrollbar.VERTICAL表示垂直滚动条。
常用方法
public void setValue(int value);
public int getValue();
public void setBlockIncrement(int value);
public void setUnitIncrement(int value);
触发事件
当用户通过鼠标操作(比如拖动滑块位置)来改变滚动条中滑块的位置时,会触发AdjustmentEvent类型事件,对应的监听接口为:AdjustmentListener,事件处理方法:
public void adjustmentValueChanged( AdjustmentEvent e);
滚动条注册或删除事件监听的方法:
public void addAdjustmentListener(AdjustmentListener l);
public void removeAdjustmentListener(AdjustmentListener l);
示例3:实现调色板功能。
package com.hbsi;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
publicclass TestScrollbarextends Frame implementsAdjustmentListener{
TextFieldtfr,tfg,tfb;
Scrollbarsbr,sbg,sbb;
Paneldisplay,p1;
public TestScrollbar(){
super("滚动条");
display=new Panel();
Panelpcolor=new Panel();
pcolor.setLayout(new GridLayout());
Panelpw=new Panel();
pw.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
tfr=new TextField("255");
tfg=new TextField("255");
tfb=new TextField("255");
tfr.setEditable(false);
tfg.setEditable(false);
tfb.setEditable(false);
pw.add(tfr);
pw.add(new Label("红色"));
pw.add(tfg);
pw.add(new Label("绿色"));
pw.add(tfb);
pw.add(new Label("蓝色"));
sbr=newScrollbar(Scrollbar.HORIZONTAL,255,10,0,255);
sbg=newScrollbar(Scrollbar.HORIZONTAL,255,10,0,255);
sbb=newScrollbar(Scrollbar.HORIZONTAL,255,10,0,255);
sbr.setName("SBR");
sbg.setName("SBG");
sbb.setName("SBB");
sbr.setBackground(Color.red);
sbg.setBackground(Color.green);
sbb.setBackground(Color.blue);
p1=new Panel();
p1.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,1));
p1.add(sbr);
p1.add(sbg);
p1.add(sbb);
sbr.addAdjustmentListener(this);
sbg.addAdjustmentListener(this);
sbb.addAdjustmentListener(this);
pcolor.add(pw,BorderLayout.WEST);
pcolor.add(p1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
add(display,BorderLayout.CENTER);
add(pcolor,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
setBounds(200,200,400,300);
setVisible(true);
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){
publicvoidwindowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[]args) {
// TODO Auto-generatedmethod stub
new TestScrollbar();
}
@Override
publicvoidadjustmentValueChanged(AdjustmentEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generatedmethod stub
int r,g,b;
r=sbr.getValue();
g=sbg.getValue();
b=sbb.getValue();
Colorc=new Color(r,g,b);
display.setBackground(c);
Stringsb_name=((Scrollbar)e.getSource()).getName();
if(sb_name.equals("SBR")){
tfr.setText(Integer.toString(r));
}elseif(sb_name.equals("SBG")){
tfg.setText(Integer.toString(g));
}elseif(sb_name.equals("SBB")){
tfb.setText(Integer.toString(b));
}
}
}
菜单组件
菜单组件包括包括MenuBar(菜单条)、Menu(菜单)、MenuItem(菜单项)、CheckboxMenuItem(带复选框的菜单项)和PopupMenu(弹出式菜单)。
菜单条MenuBar
MenuBar mb=new MenuBar();
frame.setMenuBar(mb);
菜单Menu
Menu mnFile=new Menu(“文件”);
Menu mnEdit=new Menu();
mb.add(mnFile);
mb.add(mnEdit);
菜单项MenuItem
public MenuItem();
public MenuItem(String label);
public MenuItem(String label,MenuShortcut s);
MenuItem miOpen=new MenuItem(“打开”);
MenuShortcut msc=new MenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_E);
MenuItem miExit=new MenuItem(“退出”,msc);
mnFile.add(miOpen);
mnFile.addSeparator();
mnFile.add(miExit);
菜单项触发的事件:ActionEvent
二级菜单和复选菜单项
二级菜单:菜单中嵌套菜单
复选菜单项(CheckboxMenuItem)
注意:用鼠标单击复选菜单项引发的事件是ItemEvent,因此要具体实现的监听接口为ItemListener。
示例4 记事本应用程序。
package com.hbsi;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
publicclass TestMenu extends Frame implements ActionListener{
TextAreata;
MenuBarmb;
MenumnFile,mnEdit,mnFormat,mnHelp,mnSaveAs;
MenuItemmfNew,mfOpen,mfSave,mfLocal,mfWeb,mfExit;
MenuItemmeUndo,meCut,meCopy,mePaste,meDelete,meFind,meReplace,meSelectAll;
FileDialogopenDialog,saveDialog;
Filefile;
public TestMenu(){
super("我的记事本");
ta=new TextArea("",20,20);
add(ta,BorderLayout.CENTER);
mb=new MenuBar();
mnFile=new Menu("文件(F)");
//Font f=newFont("华文行楷",Font.BOLD,12);
//mnFile.setFont(f);
mnEdit=new Menu("编辑(E)");
mnFormat=new Menu("格式(O)");
mnHelp=new Menu("帮助(H)");
mfNew=new MenuItem("新建(N)");
mfNew.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_N));
mfOpen=new MenuItem("打开(O)...");
mfOpen.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_O));
mfSave=new MenuItem("保存(S)");
mfSave.setShortcut(new MenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_S));
mnSaveAs=new Menu("保存为(A)...");
mfLocal=new MenuItem("本地");
mfWeb=new MenuItem("Web");
mfExit=new MenuItem("退出(X)");
mfExit.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_X));
meUndo=new MenuItem("撤消(U)");
meUndo.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_Z));
meCut=new MenuItem("剪切(T)");
meCut.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_X));
meCopy=new MenuItem("复制(C)");
meCopy.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_C));
mePaste=new MenuItem("粘贴(P)");
mePaste.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_V));
meDelete=new MenuItem("删除(L)");
//meDelete.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_DELETE ));
meFind=new MenuItem("查找(F)...");
meFind.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_F));
meReplace=new MenuItem("替换(R)...");
meReplace.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_H));
meSelectAll=new MenuItem("全选(A)");
meSelectAll.setShortcut(newMenuShortcut(KeyEvent.VK_A));
mfExit.addActionListener(this);
mfOpen.addActionListener(this);
mfSave.addActionListener(this);
setMenuBar(mb);
mnFile.add(mfNew);
mnFile.add(mfOpen);
mnFile.add(mfSave);
mnFile.addSeparator();
mnFile.add(mnSaveAs);
mnSaveAs.add(mfLocal);
mnSaveAs.add(mfWeb);
mnFile.addSeparator();//添加分隔符
mnFile.add(mfExit);
mb.add(mnFile);
mb.add(mnEdit);
mb.add(mnFormat);
mb.add(mnHelp);
mnEdit.add(meUndo);
mnEdit.add(meCut);
mnEdit.add(meCopy);
mnEdit.add(mePaste);
mnEdit.add(meDelete);
mnEdit.addSeparator();
mnEdit.add(meFind);
mnEdit.add(meReplace);
mnEdit.addSeparator();
mnEdit.add(meSelectAll);
openDialog=new FileDialog(this,"我要打开",FileDialog.LOAD);
saveDialog=new FileDialog(this,"我要保存",FileDialog.SAVE);
setBounds(300,200,400,300);
setVisible(true);
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){
publicvoidwindowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[]args) {
new TestMenu();
}
publicvoidactionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
/*Strings=e.getActionCommand();
if(s=="退出(X)"){
System.exit(0);
}*/
Objectobj=e.getSource();
if(obj==mfExit){
System.exit(0);
}elseif(obj==mfOpen){
openDialog.setVisible(true);
StringdirPath=openDialog.getDirectory();
StringfileName=openDialog.getFile();
if(dirPath==null||fileName==null){
return;
}
ta.setText("");
file=newFile(dirPath,fileName);
try
{
BufferedReaderbufr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
Stringline = null;
while((line=bufr.readLine())!=null)
{
ta.append(line+"\r\n");
}
bufr.close();
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
thrownew RuntimeException("读取失败");
}
}elseif(obj==mfSave){
if(file==null)
{
saveDialog.setVisible(true);
StringdirPath = saveDialog.getDirectory();
StringfileName = saveDialog.getFile();
if(dirPath==null || fileName==null)
return ;
file = newFile(dirPath,fileName);
}
try
{
BufferedWriterbufw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file));
Stringtext = ta.getText();
bufw.write(text);
//bufw.flush();
bufw.close();
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
thrownewRuntimeException();
}
}
}
}