Winform程序全局热键与局部热键(键盘快捷键的捕获)

Winform程序全局热键

Winform程序全局热键一般采用的是，调用windows api的形式，主要是通过下面的四个函数

/// <summary> /// 如果函数执行成功，返回值不为0。 /// 如果函数执行失败，返回值为0。要得到扩展错误信息，调用GetLastError。.NET方法:Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() /// </summary> /// <param name="hWnd">要定义热键的窗口的句柄</param> /// <param name="id">定义热键ID（不能与其它ID重复） </param> /// <param name="fsModifiers">标识热键是否在按Alt、Ctrl、Shift、Windows等键时才会生效</param> /// <param name="vk">定义热键的内容,WinForm中可以使用Keys枚举转换， /// WPF中Key枚举是不正确的,应该使用System.Windows.Forms.Keys枚举，或者自定义正确的枚举或int常量</param> /// <returns></returns> [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)] public static extern bool RegisterHotKey( IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 id, UInt32 fsModifiers, UInt32 vk );

/// <summary> /// 取消注册热键 /// </summary> /// <param name="hWnd">要取消热键的窗口的句柄</param> /// <param name="id">要取消热键的ID</param> /// <returns></returns> [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)] public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey( IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 id );

/// <summary> /// 向全局原子表添加一个字符串，并返回这个字符串的唯一标识符,成功则返回值为新创建的原子ID,失败返回0 /// </summary> /// <param name="lpString"></param> /// <returns></returns> [DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError = true)] public static extern UInt32 GlobalAddAtom(string lpString);

/// <summary> /// 从全局原子表删除指定一个字符串，并返回这个字符串的唯一标识符,失败返回0 /// </summary> /// <param name="nAtom"></param> /// <returns></returns> [DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError = true)] public static extern UInt32 GlobalDeleteAtom(UInt32 nAtom);

还有一个辅助类，标志用户是否注册了含有win ctrl shift等特殊键的快捷方式

            /// <summary> 
            /// 定义了辅助键的名称（将数字转变为字符以便于记忆，也可去除此枚举而直接使用数值） 
            /// </summary>
            public enum KeyFlags
            {
                MOD_NONE = 0x0,
                MOD_ALT = 0x1,
                MOD_CONTROL = 0x2,
                MOD_SHIFT = 0x4,
                MOD_WIN = 0x8
            }

贴上全部代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Collections;

namespace luolunz
{
    public delegate void HotkeyEventHandler(int hotKeyID);

    public class HotkeyHelper : IMessageFilter
    {
        public event HotkeyEventHandler OnHotkey;

        public enum KeyFlags
        {
            MOD_NONE=0x0,
            MOD_ALT = 0x1,
            MOD_CONTROL = 0x2,
            MOD_SHIFT = 0x4,
            MOD_WIN = 0x8   
        }

        class NativeMethods
        {
            private NativeMethods() { }

            #region WIN32 API
            /// <summary> 
            /// 如果函数执行成功，返回值不为0。 
            /// 如果函数执行失败，返回值为0。要得到扩展错误信息，调用GetLastError。.NET方法:Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() 
            /// </summary> 
            /// <param name="hWnd">要定义热键的窗口的句柄</param> 
            /// <param name="id">定义热键ID（不能与其它ID重复） </param> 
            /// <param name="fsModifiers">标识热键是否在按Alt、Ctrl、Shift、Windows等键时才会生效</param> 
            /// <param name="vk">定义热键的内容,WinForm中可以使用Keys枚举转换， 
            /// WPF中Key枚举是不正确的,应该使用System.Windows.Forms.Keys枚举，或者自定义正确的枚举或int常量</param> 
            /// <returns></returns> 
            [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
            public static extern bool RegisterHotKey(
            IntPtr hWnd,
            UInt32 id,
            UInt32 fsModifiers,
            UInt32 vk
            );

            /// <summary> 
            /// 取消注册热键 
            /// </summary> 
            /// <param name="hWnd">要取消热键的窗口的句柄</param> 
            /// <param name="id">要取消热键的ID</param> 
            /// <returns></returns> 
            [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
            public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(
            IntPtr hWnd,
            UInt32 id
            );

            /// <summary> 
            /// 向全局原子表添加一个字符串，并返回这个字符串的唯一标识符,成功则返回值为新创建的原子ID,失败返回0 
            /// </summary> 
            /// <param name="lpString"></param> 
            /// <returns></returns> 
            [DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError = true)]
            public static extern UInt32 GlobalAddAtom(string lpString);

            /// <summary>
            /// 从全局原子表删除指定一个字符串，并返回这个字符串的唯一标识符,失败返回0
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="nAtom"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            [DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError = true)]
            public static extern UInt32 GlobalDeleteAtom(UInt32 nAtom);

            /// <summary> 
            /// 定义了辅助键的名称（将数字转变为字符以便于记忆，也可去除此枚举而直接使用数值） 
            /// </summary>
            public enum KeyFlags
            {
                MOD_NONE = 0x0,
                MOD_ALT = 0x1,
                MOD_CONTROL = 0x2,
                MOD_SHIFT = 0x4,
                MOD_WIN = 0x8
            }
            #endregion
        }

        Hashtable keyIDs = new Hashtable();
        IntPtr hWnd;

        public HotkeyHelper(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
            this.hWnd = hWnd;
            Application.AddMessageFilter(this);
        }

        public UInt32RegisterHotkey(Keys Key, KeyFlags keyflags)
        {
            UInt32 hotkeyid = NativeMethods.GlobalAddAtom(System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
            NativeMethods.RegisterHotKey((IntPtr)hWnd, hotkeyid, (UInt32)keyflags, (UInt32)Key);
            keyIDs.Add(hotkeyid, hotkeyid);
            return (UInt32)hotkeyid;
        }

        public void UnregisterHotkeys()
        {
            Application.RemoveMessageFilter(this);
            foreach (UInt32 key in keyIDs.Values)
            {
                NativeMethods.UnregisterHotKey(hWnd, key);
                NativeMethods.GlobalDeleteAtom(key);
            }
        }

        public bool PreFilterMessage(ref Message m)
        {
            if (m.Msg == 0x312)
            {
                if (OnHotkey != null)
                {
                    foreach (UInt32 key in keyIDs.Values)
                    {
                        if ((UInt32)m.WParam == key)
                        {
                            OnHotkey((int)m.WParam);
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return false;
        }
    }
}

使用方式：

            HotkeyHelper HotkeyHelper { set; get; }
       	   UInt32 CONTROR_F;
            UInt32 CONTROR_G;
            UInt32 F10;
            HotkeyHelper = new HotkeyHelper(this.Handle);
            CONTROR_F = HotkeyHelper.RegisterHotkey(Keys.F, HotkeyHelper.KeyFlags.MOD_CONTROL | HotkeyHelper.KeyFlags.MOD_SHIFT);
            CONTROR_G = HotkeyHelper.RegisterHotkey(Keys.G, HotkeyHelper.KeyFlags.MOD_CONTROL);
            F10 = HotkeyHelper.RegisterHotkey(Keys.F10, 0);
            HotkeyHelper.OnHotkey += new HotkeyEventHandler(OnHotkey);

        private void OnHotkey(int hotkeyID)
        {
            if (hotkeyID == CONTROR_F)
            {
                //do something
                MessageBox.Show("CONTROR_SHIT_F");
            }
            else if (hotkeyID == F10)
            {
                //do something else
                MessageBox.Show("F10");
            }
        }

局部热键(键盘快捷键的捕获)

 /// <summary>
        /// 用户键盘快捷键获取与处理
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msg"></param>
        /// <param name="keyData"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        protected override bool ProcessCmdKey(ref Message msg, Keys keyData)
        {
            KeyEventArgs e = new KeyEventArgs(keyData);
            
            if (keyData == (Keys.Alt | Keys.P))
            {
                //do something

            }
            if (keyData == (Keys.Alt | Keys.C))
            {
                //do something            

}
            if (keyData == (Keys.Alt | Keys.A))
            {
                //do something            

}
            if (keyData == (Keys.Alt | Keys.Z))
            {
                //do something            

}
            if (keyData == (Keys.F1))
            {
                //do something            

}

            if (keyData == (Keys.F3))
            {
                //do something            

 }
            return true;
        }