Hadoop集群（三节点）安装与部署

1.2.1环境准备

环境由三台服务器组成，分别为目录节点，内容节点，服务器列表如下所示：

表１ 主机环境准备

IP	机器名称
10.0.0.201	m1.hadoop
10.0.0.209	s1.hadoop
10.0.0.211	s2.hadoop

下面列出各主机配置信息:

主机:m1.hadoop

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT=yes TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=10.0.0.201 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=10.0.0.254 DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME="System eth0" HWADDR=10:50:56:AF:00:CF [hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/hosts 10.0.0.201 m1.hadoop 10.0.0.209 s1.hadoop 10.0.0.211 s2.hadoop 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost [hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=m1.hadoop FORWARD_IPV4=yes

主机:s1.hadoop

[hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT=yes HWADDR=10:50:56:AF:00:D4 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=10.0.0.209 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=10.0.0.254 DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME="System eth0" [hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/hosts 10.0.0.209 s1.hadoop 10.0.0.201 m1.hadoop 10.0.0.211 s2.hadoop 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost [hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=s1.hadoop

主机:s2.hadoop

[hadoop@s2 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT=yes HWADDR=01:50:56:AF:00:D7 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=10.0.0.211 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=10.0.0.254 DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME="System eth0" [hadoop@s2 .ssh]$ cat /etc/hosts 10.0.0.211 s2.hadoop 10.0.0.201 m1.hadoop 10.0.0.209 s1.hadoop 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost [hadoop@s2 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=s2.hadoop

1.2.2Java多机安装

将下载到后java文件传至各主机/home目录中，下面可以进行对其进行安装：

[root@s1 home]# chmod u+x jdk-6u25-linux-x64-rpm.bin [root@s1 home]# ./jdk-6u25-linux-x64-rpm.bin

1.2.3SSH配置

在每台机器上创建hadoop帐户，在每台机器生成hadoop的的公私钥对，分别将上述公钥对写入到authorized_keys文件之中，将authorized_keys分别分发至各个主机~/.ssh/目录之中即可。

具体设置过程如下所示：

S1.hadoop主机:

[root@ s1 .ssh]# useradd hadoop #创建帐号 [root@ s1 .ssh]# passwd hadoop #配置密码 [root@ s1 .ssh 5]# su hadoop [hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ssh-keygen [hadoop@s1 .ssh]$chmod 700 ~/.ssh/ [hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys [hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys [hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys hadoop@s2.hadoop:/home/hadoop/.ssh/

s2.hadoop主机：

[root@ s2 .ssh]# useradd hadoop #创建帐号 [root@ s2 .ssh]# passwd hadoop #配置密码 [root@ s2 .ssh 5]# su hadoop [hadoop@s2 .ssh]$ssh-keygen [hadoop@s2 .ssh]$chmod 700 ~/.ssh/ [hadoop@m2 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys [hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys hadoop@m1.hadoop:/home/hadoop/.ssh/

m1.hadoop主机：

[root@ s1 .ssh]# useradd hadoop #创建帐号 [root@ s1 .ssh]# passwd hadoop #配置密码 [root@ s1 .ssh 5]# su hadoop [hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ssh-keygen [hadoop@s1 .ssh]$chmod 700 ~/.ssh/ [hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys [hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys hadoop@s1.hadoop:/home/hadoop/.ssh/ [hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys hadoop@s2.hadoop:/home/hadoop/.ssh/

1.2.4Hadoop多机安装

Hadoop安装与配置过程见1.1.4节,先在m1.hadoop主机配置hadoop，安装hadoop、配置访问权限、配置环境变量：

具体操作过程（m1.hadoop）：

[root@m1 home]# tar xzvf hadoop-0.20.2.tar.gz [root@ m1home]# mv hadoop-0.20.2 /usr/local [root@ m1home]# cd /usr/local [root@ m1local]# ls bin etc games hadoop-0.20.2 include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src [root@ m1local]# mv hadoop-0.20.2/ hadoop [root@ m1local]# mkdir hadoop/Data [root@ m1local]# mkdir hadoop/Name [root@ m1local]# mkdir hadoop/Tmp [root@ m1local]# chmod 777 /var/local [root@ m1local]# ls bin etc games hadoop include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src [root@ m1local]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/hadoop/　#修改权限 [root@m1 conf]# vi core-site.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. --> <configuration> <property> <name>fs.default.name</name> <value>hdfs://m1.hadoop:9000</value> </property> <property> <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name> <value>/usr/local/hadoop/Tmp</value> </property> </configuration> [root@m1 conf]# vi hdfs-site.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. --> <configuration> <property> <name>dfs.name.dir</name> <value>/usr/local/hadoop/Name</value> </property> <property> <name>dfs.data.dir</name> <value>/usr/local/hadoop/Data</value> </property> <property> <name>dfs.replication</name> <value>3</value> </property> </configuration> [root@m1 conf]# vi masters m1.hadoop [root@m1 conf]# vi slaves m1.hadoop s1.hadoop s2.hadoop [root@m1 conf]# vi mapred-site.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. --> <configuration> <property> <name>mapred.job.tracker</name> <value>m1.hadoop:9001</value> </property> </configuration> [root@ m1local]# scp -r /usr/local/hadoop s1.hadoop:/usr/local/ [root@ m1local]# scp -r /usr/local/hadoop s2.hadoop:/usr/local/

（s1.hadoop）：

[root@ s1local]# chmod 777 /var/local

（s2.hadoop）：

[root@ s2local]# chmod 777 /var/local

1.2.5Hadoop测试

[root@m1 conf]# jps 10209 Jps 9057 SecondaryNameNode 9542 SecondaryNameNode 7217 JobTracker 10087 TaskTracker 9450 DataNode