ora-01102问题的解决

ora-01102问题的解决

2012年10月5号周五，某网友测试数据库不能正式打开，提示ora-01102错误

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area<wbr> 252776884 bytes<br> Fixed Size<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 450996 bytes<br> Variable Size<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 218103808 bytes<br> Database Buffers<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 33554432 bytes<br> Redo Buffers<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 667648 bytes<br> ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit

经检查发现用于锁内存的文件lk文件没有被删除，删除后，数据库成功open。

另：

出现1102错误可能有以下几种可能：

一、在HA系统中，已经有 其他 节点启动了实例，将双机共享的资源（如磁盘阵列上的裸设备）占用了；

二、说明Oracle被异常关闭时，有资源没有被释放，一般有以下几种可能，

1、 Oracle的共享内存段或信号量没有被释放；

2、 Oracle的后台进程（如SMON、PMON、DBWn等）没有被关闭；

3、 用于锁内存的文件lk和sgadef.dbf文件没有被删除。

如果怀疑是共享内存没有被释放，可以用以下命令查看：

[oracle@ ~]$ ipcs - s

------ Shared Memory Segments --------
key<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> shmid<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> owner<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> perms<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> bytes<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> nattch<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> status<br> 0x00000000 0<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 4194304<wbr><wbr><wbr> 17<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><br> 0x00000000 32769<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 33554432<wbr><wbr> 17<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><br> 0x00000000 65538<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 33554432<wbr><wbr> 17<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><br> 0x00000000 98307<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 33554432<wbr><wbr> 17<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><br> 0x00000000 131076<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 33554432<wbr><wbr> 17</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>

0xd0dccdb8 425987<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle10g 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 154<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>

然后它ID号清除共享内存段：

$ipcrm –m 425987

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对于信号量，可以用以下命令查看：

------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> semid<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> owner<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> perms<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> nsems<br> 0x1466c384 98304<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 162<br> 0x1466c385 131073<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 162<br> 0x1466c386 163842<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 162<br> 0xd0dccdb8 425987<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle10g 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 154<br> 0xebf842f8 950276<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 162<br> 0xebf842f9 983045<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 162<br> 0xebf842fa 1015814<wbr><wbr><wbr> oracle<wbr><wbr><wbr> 640<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 162<br></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>

根据信号量ID，用以下命令清除信号量：

$ipcrm -s 425987<wbr></wbr>

如果是Oracle进程没有关闭，用以下命令查出存在的oracle进程：

ps -ef|grep ora
然后 kill -9

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当发生1102错误时，可以按照以下流程检查、排错：

1.如果是HA系统，检查其他节点是否已经启动实例；
2.检查Oracle进程是否存在，如果存在则杀掉进程；
3.检查信号量是否存在，如果存在，则清除信号量；
4.检查共享内存段是否存在，如果存在，则清除共享内存段；
5.检查锁内存文件lk和sgadef.dbf是否存在，如果存在，则删除。

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