Drool是jboss的规则引擎, 老早就想看看了, 前断时间忙的一直没有时间.现在抽空学习一下
什么是规则引擎, rete算法等等就交给google了.
鄙人是实干家.
一. 环境配置.
最快的方法:
下载Drool的eclipse插件:Drools 4.0.7 Eclipse Workbench for 3.2
http://www.jboss.org/drools/downloads.html
此插件功能不错, 写rule很方便, 并且能创建 drool project, 所有依赖的jar包都有包含.
二: hello world
晦涩的理论先放一边, 跑一个hello world再说:
package com.sample;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import org.drools.RuleBase;
import org.drools.RuleBaseFactory;
import org.drools.WorkingMemory;
import org.drools.compiler.PackageBuilder;
import org.drools.rule.Package;
/**
* This is a sample file to launch a rule package from a rule source file.
*/
public class DroolsTest {
public static final void main(String[] args) {
try {
//load up the rulebase
RuleBase ruleBase = readRule();
WorkingMemory workingMemory = ruleBase.newStatefulSession();
//go !
Message message = new Message();
message.setMessage( "Hello World" );
message.setStatus( Message.HELLO );
workingMemory.insert( message );
workingMemory.fireAllRules();
} catch (Throwable t) {
t.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* Please note that this is the "low level" rule assembly API.
*/
private static RuleBase readRule() throws Exception {
//read in the source
Reader source = new InputStreamReader( DroolsTest.class.getResourceAsStream( "/Sample.drl" ) );
//optionally read in the DSL (if you are using it).
//Reader dsl = new InputStreamReader( DroolsTest.class.getResourceAsStream( "/mylang.dsl" ) );
//Use package builder to build up a rule package.
//An alternative lower level class called "DrlParser" can also be used...
PackageBuilder builder = new PackageBuilder();
//this wil parse and compile in one step
//NOTE: There are 2 methods here, the one argument one is for normal DRL.
builder.addPackageFromDrl( source );
//Use the following instead of above if you are using a DSL:
//builder.addPackageFromDrl( source, dsl );
//get the compiled package (which is serializable)
Package pkg = builder.getPackage();
//add the package to a rulebase (deploy the rule package).
RuleBase ruleBase = RuleBaseFactory.newRuleBase();
ruleBase.addPackage( pkg );
return ruleBase;
}
public static class Message {
public static final int HELLO = 0;
public static final int GOODBYE = 1;
public static final int GAME_OVER = 2;
private String message;
private int status;
public String getMessage() {
return this.message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public int getStatus() {
return this.status;
}
public void setStatus( int status ) {
this.status = status;
}
}
}
rule文件:
Sample.drl
package com.sample
import com.sample.DroolsTest.Message;
rule "Hello World"
when
m : Message( status == Message.HELLO, message : message )
then
System.out.println( message );
m.setMessage( "Goodbye cruel world" );
m.setStatus( Message.GOODBYE );
update( m );
end
rule "GoodBye"
no-loop true
when
m : Message( status == Message.GOODBYE, message : message )
then
System.out.println( message );
m.setStatus(Message.GAME_OVER);
m.setMessage("game over now!");
update( m );
end
rule "game over"
when
m : Message( status == Message.GAME_OVER)
then
System.out.println( m.getMessage() );
end
java代码就不说了, 主要说明一下rule文件, 借此熟悉一下rule语法:
1:规则的主体结构:
rule "name"
ATTRIBUTES
when
LHS
then
RHS
end
其中:
LHS(left hand side)是规则的条件部分, RHS(right hand side)是条件满足后的自行块.
2: 条件的书写:
m : Message( status == Message.HELLO, message : message )
意思是:
在working Memory中, 如果有一个Message的instance满足如下条件:
它的status属性等于Message.HELLO.
满足条件的Message instance 用变量 m表示, 它的message属性用message变量表示, 以便在RHS中使用.
3: 条件满足后的自行块(RHS)
System.out.println( message );
m.setMessage( "Goodbye cruel world" );
m.setStatus( Message.GOODBYE );
update( m );
用到了在LHS中 定义的变量: m, message
update( m )表示把此Message instance在 working memory中更新.这便会触发名称为"GoodBye"的rule, 进而触发名称为"game over"的rule.
今天就到这里吧.
下课!