ASM 启动报错 ORA-27300, ORA-27301 and ORA-27302: failure occurred at: sskgpsemsper 解决方法

运维班里一学生做实验，启动ASM实例，结果报错如下：

SQL> startup

ORA-27154: post/wait create failed

ORA-27300: OS system dependentoperation:semget failed with status: 28

ORA-27301: OS failure message: No spaceleft on device

ORA-27302: failure occurred at:sskgpsemsper

OS：Redhat 5.6

OS：11.2.0.1

--查看磁盘信息：

[root@lab01 ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1 27G 11G15G 43% /

tmpfs 506M 0506M 0% /dev/shm

该问题存在与11.2.0.1 之后的版本，导致的原因是因为semmns的值太低。 该值在/etc/sysctl.conf中配置。

格式如下：

sem = semmsl semmns semopm semmni

kernel.sem = 256 32768 100 228

semaphores参数的优化原则如下：

1. Calculate the minimum total semaphorerequirements using the following formula:

2*sum (process parameters of all databaseinstances on the system) + overhead for background processes + system and otherapplications.

2. Set semmns (total semaphores systemwide)to this total.

3. Set semmsl (semaphores for each set ) to256

4. Set semmni (total semaphores sets) tosemmns devided by semmsl, rounded up to the nearest multiple of 1024

因此该问题的解决方法就是在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中替换kernel.sem为如下值：

kernel.sem = 256 32768 100 228

--顺便查了一下我自己的测试环境，这个是Oracle preinstall设置的值：

[oracle@dave ~]$ cat /etc/sysctl.conf|grepsem

# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstallsetting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128'

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

修改之后，成功启动：

[grid@lab01 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysasm

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production onTue Dec 3 06:53:50 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ASM instance started

Total System Global Area 284565504 bytes

Fixed Size 1336036 bytes

Variable Size 258063644 bytes

ASM Cache 25165824 bytes

ASM diskgroups mounted

===========================================================

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise EditionRelease 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE11.2.0.1.0 Production

TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 -Production

NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

------------------------------------------------------------

[grid@lab01 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name Type Target StateHost

------------------------------------------------------------

ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINElab01

ora.FRA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINElab01

ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINElab01

ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINEONLINE lab01

ora.cssd ora.cssd.type ONLINEONLINE lab01

ora.diskmon ora....on.type ONLINE ONLINElab01

ora.lab01.db ora....se.type ONLINE ONLINElab01

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