AndEngine之DEMO学习（十三）Rotation3DExample

这是动画与修改器的最后一个例子，实现一个旋转的3D效果。如果只以学习引擎来看，这个只是一个RotationModifier修改器的使用DEMO；如果要弄懂他是如何运作的，就变成一个3D图形问题了。

先说一下裁剪平面（ClippingPlan）的概念，这是根据“视口”定义的一块梯形空间，在这个空间中的图形将会按照透视关系被渲染，区域以外的部分会被裁剪掉，所以得名裁剪平面。这里打开传送门，感谢博友翻译的质料：OpenGL ES 入门 (一)，OpenGL ES 入门 (二) OpenGL ES编程模型：模拟，OpenGL ES 入门 (三) 投影。这样我们就理解DEMO中的camera.setZClippingPlanes(-100, 100); 设置。

至于旋转的实现，是通过模式视图矩阵（ModelView Matrix）的运算完成的，相关学习资料请下载《3D游戏与计算机图形学中的数学方法.pdf》。下面上代码：

package org.andengine.examples;

import org.andengine.engine.camera.Camera;
import org.andengine.engine.options.EngineOptions;
import org.andengine.engine.options.ScreenOrientation;
import org.andengine.engine.options.resolutionpolicy.RatioResolutionPolicy;
import org.andengine.entity.modifier.LoopEntityModifier;
import org.andengine.entity.modifier.RotationModifier;
import org.andengine.entity.scene.Scene;
import org.andengine.entity.scene.background.Background;
import org.andengine.entity.sprite.Sprite;
import org.andengine.entity.util.FPSLogger;
import org.andengine.opengl.texture.TextureOptions;
import org.andengine.opengl.texture.atlas.bitmap.BitmapTextureAtlas;
import org.andengine.opengl.texture.atlas.bitmap.BitmapTextureAtlasTextureRegionFactory;
import org.andengine.opengl.texture.region.ITextureRegion;
import org.andengine.opengl.util.GLState;
import org.andengine.ui.activity.SimpleBaseGameActivity;

public class Rotation3DExample extends SimpleBaseGameActivity {
	
	private static final int CAMERA_WIDTH = 720;
	private static final int CAMERA_HEIGHT = 480;

	// ===========================================================
	// Fields
	// ===========================================================

	private BitmapTextureAtlas mBitmapTextureAtlas;
	private ITextureRegion mFaceTextureRegion;

	@Override
	public EngineOptions onCreateEngineOptions() {
		final Camera camera = new Camera(0, 0, Rotation3DExample.CAMERA_WIDTH, Rotation3DExample.CAMERA_HEIGHT);
		//设置Z轴的剪切平面(超出平面外的部分不予渲染)
		camera.setZClippingPlanes(-100, 100);

		return new EngineOptions(true, ScreenOrientation.LANDSCAPE_FIXED, new RatioResolutionPolicy(Rotation3DExample.CAMERA_WIDTH, Rotation3DExample.CAMERA_HEIGHT), camera);
	}

	@Override
	public void onCreateResources() {
		BitmapTextureAtlasTextureRegionFactory.setAssetBasePath("gfx/");

		this.mBitmapTextureAtlas = new BitmapTextureAtlas(this.getTextureManager(), 32, 32, TextureOptions.BILINEAR);
		this.mFaceTextureRegion = BitmapTextureAtlasTextureRegionFactory.createFromAsset(this.mBitmapTextureAtlas, this, "face_box.png", 0, 0);
		this.mBitmapTextureAtlas.load();
	}

	@Override
	public Scene onCreateScene() {
		this.mEngine.registerUpdateHandler(new FPSLogger());

		final Scene scene = new Scene();
		scene.setBackground(new Background(0.09804f, 0.6274f, 0.8784f));

		/* Calculate the coordinates for the face, so its centered on the camera. */
		final float centerX = (Rotation3DExample.CAMERA_WIDTH - this.mFaceTextureRegion.getWidth()) / 2;
		final float centerY = (Rotation3DExample.CAMERA_HEIGHT - this.mFaceTextureRegion.getHeight()) / 2;

		/* Create the face and add it to the scene. */
		final Sprite face = new Sprite(centerX, centerY, this.mFaceTextureRegion, this.getVertexBufferObjectManager()) {
			@Override
			protected void applyRotation(final GLState pGLState) {
				final float rotation = this.mRotation;

				if(rotation != 0) {
					final float rotationCenterX = this.mRotationCenterX;
					final float rotationCenterY = this.mRotationCenterY;

					//平移矩形到中间
					pGLState.translateModelViewGLMatrixf(rotationCenterX, rotationCenterY, 0);
					/* Note we are applying rotation around the y-axis and not the z-axis anymore! */
					//以Y轴为旋转轴
					pGLState.rotateModelViewGLMatrixf(rotation, 0, 1, 0);
					//平移矩形回到原来的位置
					pGLState.translateModelViewGLMatrixf(-rotationCenterX, -rotationCenterY, 0);
				}
			}
		};
		face.registerEntityModifier(new LoopEntityModifier(new RotationModifier(6, 0, 360)));
		scene.attachChild(face);

		return scene;
	}
}