android UI组件----菜单

android中菜单分为三种，分别是，options menu 选项菜单，sub menu 子菜单，context menu 上下文菜单。下面分别举例演示这三种菜单：

新建一个android project，

options menu，第一种方法，通过xml定义选项菜单，在res文件夹中新建一个名为menu的文件夹，在其内新建一个options_menu.xml的文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <item android:id="@+id/newFile" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:title="@string/newFile" /> <!-- android:icon 设置菜单选项的图标 android：title 设置菜单选项的标题 --> <item android:id="@+id/exit" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:title="@string/exit" /> </menu>
在MenuTestActivity1中：

package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity1 extends Activity implements OnMenuItemClickListener{ /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu); //第一种响应菜单点击事件的方法 //为每一个菜单选项添加监听事件 //在覆盖的onMenuItemClick（）方法中判断并触发监听事件 for(int i=0;i<menu.size();i++){ menu.getItem(i).setOnMenuItemClickListener((OnMenuItemClickListener) this); } return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu); } /*第二种响应菜单点击事件的方法 覆盖onOptionsItemSelected（）方法 @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.newFile: Toast.makeText(this,"new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.exit: this.finish();//退出程序 break; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); }*/ public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item){ switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.newFile: Toast.makeText(this, "new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.exit: this.finish(); } return false; } }

在模拟器中点击Menu键效果：

options menu，第二种方法，动态添加删除菜单

在MenuTestActivity2中：

package cn.class3g.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity2 extends Activity { //定义菜单项 private static final int SAVE=1; private static final int SAVE_AS = SAVE+1; private static final int DELETE = SAVE+2; //声明一个menu对象 Menu menu = null; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); } public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu); //向菜单中添加菜单项 menu.add(1, SAVE, 1, "保存"); menu.add(1,SAVE_AS, 2, "另存为"); menu.add(1,DELETE, 3, "删除保存"); //设置菜单项的图标 menu.findItem(SAVE).setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); this.menu = menu; return true; } //动态的修改菜单title int i=1; public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuItem item = menu.findItem(SAVE_AS); item.setTitle(item.getTitle() + "" + i); i++; return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu); } //响应菜单单击事件 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.newFile: Toast.makeText(this, "new file", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//利用Toast弹出文本信息 break; case R.id.exit: // Toast.makeText(this, "exit", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); this.finish();//关闭Activity break; case DELETE:

			//menu.removeGroup(1);//删除一组菜单

menu.removeItem(SAVE_AS);//删除一个菜单break;}return true;}}

sub menu 子菜单

利用xml定义菜单参考options menu。

动态的添加子菜单：

在MenuTestActivity3中：

package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.SubMenu; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity3 extends Activity { //定义菜单项 private static final int SUBMENU = 10; private static final int SUBITEM1 = SUBMENU+1; private static final int SUBITEM2 = SUBMENU+2; private static final int SUBITEM3 = SUBMENU+3; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.main); } public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){ MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu); //添加子菜单 SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(1,SUBMENU,1,"子菜单"); subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM1,1,"subitem1"); subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM2,2,"subitem2"); subMenu.add(30,SUBITEM3,3,"subitem3"); subMenu.setGroupCheckable(20, true, false); //第二个参数是否可选 //当第三个参数为true时为这组菜单为互斥（单选）菜单 //当第三个参数为false时为组菜单为复选菜单 MenuItem item = subMenu.getItem(0); //item.setCheckable(false);//设置该项菜单为单选或复选 item.setChecked(true);//设置菜单的默认选项 //subMenu.getItem(0).setCheckable(true); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.menuitem1: Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.menuitem2: Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem1: Toast.makeText(this,"subitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem2: Toast.makeText(this,"subitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case SUBITEM1: Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case SUBITEM2: Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); //this.finish();//退出程序 break; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } }
在模拟器中点击Menu键：

单击子菜单：

context menu 上下文菜单：context menu需要绑定在TextView上并在其上按2s后显示。

在MenuTestActivity4中：

package cn.sword.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.ContextMenu; import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MenuTestActivity4 extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.main); //将上下文菜单绑定到TextView上 TextView tv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.textView); this.registerForContextMenu(tv); } @Override public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch(item.getItemId()){ case R.id.subitem1: Toast.makeText(this, "subitem1",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case R.id.subitem2: Toast.makeText(this, "subitem2",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; } return super.onContextItemSelected(item); } //每次上下文菜单显示都会调用 public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) { MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu); super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo); } }
运行模拟器，点击文本内容2s后：