PHP 5.5新特性

转载自：http://www.zrwm.com/?p=7536

PHP 5.5新特性

• 集成Zend OPcache

  PHP 5.5安装时候使用--enable-opcache编译Zend OPcache做为OPCache.
  修改php.ini开启:

  [opcache]
  zend_extension=/usr/local/php550/so/opcache.so
  ; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled
  opcache.enable=1
  

• PHP语言的一些改变

  • 增加Generator

    <php
    function getLinesFromFile($fileName) {
        if (!$fileHandle = fopen($fileName, 'r'))
        {
            throw new RuntimeException('Couldn\'t open file "' . $fileName . '"');
        }
    
        while (false !== $line = fgets($fileHandle))
        {
            yield $line;
        }
    
        fclose($fileHandle);
    }
    foreach (getLinesFromFile($fileName) as $line)
    {
        // do something
    }
    

  • 增加finally关键字

    <php
    try {
        echo '1';
        throw new Exception();
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        echo '2';
    } finally {
        echo '3';
    }
    

  • 使用ClassName::class可以获得”完全限定类名”(fully qualified class name)

    <php
    namespace Foo\Bar;
    
    class One {
        const A = self::class;
        const B = Two::class;
    }
    
    class Two extends One {
        public static function run()
        {
            var_dump(self::class);
            var_dump(static::class);
            var_dump(parent::class);
        }
    }
    
    var_dump(One::class);
    
    $class = One::class;
    
    $x = new $class;
    var_dump($x);
    
    $two = Two::class;
    (new $two)->run();
    

  • empty( )函数允许直接调用函数

    <php
    function test_false() {
        return false;
    }
    
    if (empty(test_false()))
    {
        echo "output something.";
    }
    

  • foreach中使用list( )

    <php
    $users = [
        ['Foo', 'Bar'],
        ['Baz', 'Qux'],
    ];
    
    foreach ($users as list($firstname, $lastname)) {
        echo "First name: $firstname, last name: $lastname.";
    }
    

  • 常量非关联(Constant dereferencing)

    <php
    echo "hello"[1];
    echo [1,2,3,4][3];
    

• 标准库或函数/方法的一些改变

  • 增加密码哈希API
    password hashing api的函数:password_get_info(), password_hash(), password_needs_rehash(),password_verify()

    <php
    $receved_password = "zrwmpassword";
    $pass_hash = password_hash($receved_password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
    
    var_dump(password_get_info($pass_hash));
    
    if (password_verify($receved_password, $pass_hash)) {
        echo 'Password is valid';
    } else {
        echo 'Invalid password';
    }
    

  • 新增加的一些函数
    PHP Core还新增了array_column(),boolval(),json_last_error_msg(),cli_get_process_title()等函数.
    此外还新增一些有用的扩展函数/方法:
    • MySQLi
      mysqli_begin_transaction()
      mysqli_release_savepoint()
      mysqli_savepoint()
    • Intl
      IntlDateFormatter::formatObject()
      IntlDateFormatter::getCalendarObject()
      IntlDateFormatter::getTimeZone()
      IntlDateFormatter::setTimeZone()
    • cURL
      cURL新增一些函数,其中curl_file_create()函数或CURLFile类都可以创建CURLFile对象,实现文件的上传功能.

      <php
      // curl_file_create.php
      
      /**
       * http://zrwm.com/uploadtest.php:
       * <?php var_dump($_FILES); ?>
       */
      
      $filename = '6908685_980x1200_0.jpg';
      $url = 'http://zrwm.com/uploadtest.php';
      
      // Get mimetype of the file
      $finfo = new finfo(FILEINFO_MIME_TYPE);
      $mimetype = $finfo->file($filename);
      
      $ch = curl_init($url);
      
      // Create a CURLFile object
      $cfile = curl_file_create($filename, $mimetype, 'myupload');
      
      // Assign POST data
      $data = ['test_file' => $cfile];
      curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
      curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
      
      curl_exec($ch);
      

      运行结果:

      # php curl_file_create.php 
      array(1) {
        ["test_file"]=>
        array(5) {
          ["name"]=>
          string(8) "myupload"
          ["type"]=>
          string(10) "image/jpeg"
          ["tmp_name"]=>
          string(26) "/private/var/tmp/phprca3gH"
          ["error"]=>
          int(0)
          ["size"]=>
          int(84837)
        }
      }
      

  • 新增的类/接口
    查看PHP 5.5新增的类/接口.
    对比DateTime与DateTimeImmutable的一个简单例子:

    <php
    function printUTC1(DateTime $dt) {
        $dt->setTimeZone(new DateTimeZone('UTC'));
        echo $dt->format(DateTime::ATOM) . PHP_EOL;
    }
    
    function printUTC2(DateTimeImmutable $dt)
    {
        $dt->setTimeZone(new DateTimeZone('UTC'));
        echo $dt->format(DateTime::ATOM) . PHP_EOL;
    }
    
    $dt = new DateTime('now');
    printUTC1($dt); // 2013-06-28T05:58:49+00:00
    
    $dt = new DateTimeImmutable('now');
    
    printUTC2($dt); // 2013-06-28T13:58:49+08:00
    

• 过期与删除

  • 不再支持Windows XP和 Windows Server 2003
  • 扩展mysql过期,需使用MySQLi或PDO_MySQL
  • preg_replace /e 修饰符过期
  • 删除Logo GUIDs
  • intl扩展的一些方法/函数过期
    IntlDateFormatter::setTimeZoneID()和datefmt_set_timezone_id()现在已经过期.可以分别使用IntlDateFormatter::setTimeZone()和datefmt_set_timezone().
  • mcrypt扩展的一些函数过期
    mcrypt_cbc(),mcrypt_cfb(),mcrypt_ecb(),mcrypt_ofb()等函数过期