Hadoop单机版安装

   以前对Hadoop有过一点了解，但没有深入，现在越来越感觉这东西挺有意思的，打算学习下，前两天买了两本Hadoop相关的书，先粗略的翻了下，今天就动手先把环境搭起来。

      环境：centos6.2,jdk7_u45,hadoop2.2.0

      下载，解压过程就不说了，直接环境配置（包括JAVA_HOME的配置，以及HADOOP_HOME的环境变量配置，都略过了）。参考文档http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r2.2.0/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-common/SingleCluster.html

       1，修改hadoop-env.sh中修改JAVA_HOME

       2，修改core-site.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
	<property>
  		<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
  		<value>/data/hadoop/tmp</value>
	</property>
	
	<property>  
	  <name>fs.defaultFS</name>  
	  <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>  
	  <final>true</final>  
	</property>  
	
</configuration>

     3，修改hdfs-site.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <property> <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name> <value>file:///data/hadoop/dfs/name</value> <final>true</final> </property> <property> <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name> <value>file:///data/hadoop/dfs/data</value> <final>true</final> </property> <property> <name>dfs.replication</name> <value>1</value> </property> <property> <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name> <value>false</value> </property> </configuration> 

     4，复制mapred-site.xml.template成mapred-site.xml，修改mapred-site.xml

cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
vi mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
	<property>
	  <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
	  <value>yarn</value>
	</property>
	<!--
	<property>
	  <name>mapreduce.cluster.temp.dir</name>
	  <value></value>
	  <final>true</final>
	</property>

   <property>
     <name>mapreduce.cluster.local.dir</name>
     <value></value>
     <final>true</final>
   </property>
   -->
</configuration>

   5,修改yarn-site.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
	<property>
	  <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
	  <value>localhost</value>
	  <description>hostanem of RM</description>
	</property>


	<property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
    <value>localhost:5274</value>
    <description>host is the hostname of the resource manager and 
    port is the port on which the NodeManagers contact the Resource Manager.
    </description>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
    <value>localhost:5273</value>
    <description>host is the hostname of the resourcemanager and port is the port
    on which the Applications in the cluster talk to the Resource Manager.
    </description>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.class</name>
    <value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.scheduler.capacity.CapacityScheduler</value>
    <description>In case you do not want to use the default scheduler</description>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
    <value>localhost:5271</value>
    <description>the host is the hostname of the ResourceManager and the port is the port on
    which the clients can talk to the Resource Manager. </description>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.local-dirs</name>
    <value></value>
    <description>the local directories used by the nodemanager</description>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.address</name>
    <value>localhost:5272</value>
    <description>the nodemanagers bind to this port</description>
  </property>  

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>
    <value>10240</value>
    <description>the amount of memory on the NodeManager in GB</description>
  </property>
 
  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.remote-app-log-dir</name>
    <value>/app-logs</value>
    <description>directory on hdfs where the application logs are moved to </description>
  </property>

   <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.log-dirs</name>
    <value></value>
    <description>the directories used by Nodemanagers as log directories</description>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
    <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    <description>shuffle service that needs to be set for Map Reduce to run </description>
  </property>
	
</configuration>

到此为止，hadoop单机版配置已经完成。

1）接下来我们先格式化namenode,然后启动namenode

hadoop namenode –format

./hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode

可以查看http://localhost:50070/dfshealth.jsp中logs的日志  （带namenode*.log字眼） ，确认是否启动成功，如果没有报错则启动成功。

2）接着启动hdfs datanode

./hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode

同时也可以在开始页面上查询对应的日志文件（带datanode  *.log 字眼），如果没有报错，和namenode通信成功，即启动成功。

还可以在命令行数据Jps查看是否有结果

3)继续启动yarn

yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
yarn-daemon.sh start nodemanager

判断启动成功与否方法同上面一致。

最后进入hadoop-2.2.0\share\hadoop\mapreduce录入中，测试运行

hadoop jar hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.2.0.jar randomwriter out

查看运行是否成功

安装中的错误

016-09-29 19:08:11,085 INFO org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.ResourceManager: Transitioned to standby state
2016-09-29 19:08:11,085 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.ResourceManager: Error starting ResourceManager
org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.YarnRuntimeException: Could not instantiate Scheduler: org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.scheduler.capacity.CapacityScheduler
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.ResourceManager.main(ResourceManager.java:1103)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.scheduler.capacity.CapacityScheduler
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:191)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.ResourceManager.createScheduler(ResourceManager.java:264)
... 6 more
2016-09-29 19:08:11,103 INFO org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.ResourceManager: SHUTDOWN_MSG: 
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down ResourceManager at localhost/127.0.0.1
***********************************************************/

在hadoop-2.5.2版本上，已经把 yarn-site注释掉 

yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.class 这个属性。用默认的scheduler即可解决掉。