android : framelayout 研究

 感觉FrameLayout很神秘，是因为用到它的地方少，一直觉得它鸡肋，原来是自己无知。最近需要实现一些layer的效果，就用到了它。它的用法很简单，这里就不多说了，这里就说说它的原理吧。

FrameLayout类里面没有什么东西，主要说的还是它的自身的布局参数FrameLayout.LayoutParams，布局参数类继承MarginLayoutParams。看名词就知道，就是控制view的外边距的，FrameLayout.LayoutParams本身自己定义的参数只有一个gravity。

好了，既然有了布局参数，那就会有空间的一些属性吧。首先FrameLayout也是一个View，所以他必然有Padding(view的内边距)相关属性。这里我们重点关注它的onMeasure与onLayout：

onMeasure意思就是计算出该ViewGroup的布局大小及孩子View的布局大小。

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protected void onMeasure( int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {          int count = getChildCount();             final boolean measureMatchParentChildren =                  MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ||                  MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;          mMatchParentChildren.clear();             int maxHeight = 0 ;          int maxWidth = 0 ;          int childState = 0 ;             for ( int i = 0 ; i < count; i++) {              final View child = getChildAt(i);              if (mMeasureAllChildren || child.getVisibility() != GONE) {                  measureChildWithMargins(child, widthMeasureSpec, 0 , heightMeasureSpec, 0 );                  final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();                  maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth,                          child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin);                  maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight,                          child.getMeasuredHeight() + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin);                  childState = combineMeasuredStates(childState, child.getMeasuredState());                  if (measureMatchParentChildren) {                      if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT ||                              lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {                          mMatchParentChildren.add(child);                      }                  }              }          }             // Account for padding too          maxWidth += getPaddingLeftWithForeground() + getPaddingRightWithForeground();          maxHeight += getPaddingTopWithForeground() + getPaddingBottomWithForeground();             // Check against our minimum height and width          maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight, getSuggestedMinimumHeight());          maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth, getSuggestedMinimumWidth());             // Check against our foreground's minimum height and width          final Drawable drawable = getForeground();          if (drawable != null ) {              maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight, drawable.getMinimumHeight());              maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth, drawable.getMinimumWidth());          }             setMeasuredDimension(resolveSizeAndState(maxWidth, widthMeasureSpec, childState),                  resolveSizeAndState(maxHeight, heightMeasureSpec,                          childState << MEASURED_HEIGHT_STATE_SHIFT));             count = mMatchParentChildren.size();          if (count > 1 ) {              for ( int i = 0 ; i < count; i++) {                  final View child = mMatchParentChildren.get(i);                     final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();                  int childWidthMeasureSpec;                  int childHeightMeasureSpec;                                     if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {                      childWidthMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(getMeasuredWidth() -                              getPaddingLeftWithForeground() - getPaddingRightWithForeground() -                              lp.leftMargin - lp.rightMargin,                              MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);                  } else {                      childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(widthMeasureSpec,                              getPaddingLeftWithForeground() + getPaddingRightWithForeground() +                              lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin,                              lp.width);                  }                                     if (lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {                      childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(getMeasuredHeight() -                              getPaddingTopWithForeground() - getPaddingBottomWithForeground() -                              lp.topMargin - lp.bottomMargin,                              MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);                  } else {                      childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(heightMeasureSpec,                              getPaddingTopWithForeground() + getPaddingBottomWithForeground() +                              lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin,                              lp.height);                  }                     child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);              }          }      }

简单的说父容器的width就是所有孩子View的width取最大值加View外边距和它的内边距：child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin+getPaddingLeftWithForeground() + getPaddingRightWithForeground();如果ViewGroup有图片，还有跟图片比较取较大值,容器的height也是同样的道理。FrameLayout孩子View的布局大小跟普通View大小确定是一样的。

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protected void onLayout( boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {          final int count = getChildCount();             final int parentLeft = getPaddingLeftWithForeground();          final int parentRight = right - left - getPaddingRightWithForeground();             final int parentTop = getPaddingTopWithForeground();          final int parentBottom = bottom - top - getPaddingBottomWithForeground();             mForegroundBoundsChanged = true ;                     for ( int i = 0 ; i < count; i++) {              final View child = getChildAt(i);              if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) {                  final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();                     final int width = child.getMeasuredWidth();                  final int height = child.getMeasuredHeight();                     int childLeft;                  int childTop;                     int gravity = lp.gravity;                  if (gravity == - 1 ) {                      gravity = DEFAULT_CHILD_GRAVITY;                  }                     final int layoutDirection = getResolvedLayoutDirection();                  final int absoluteGravity = Gravity.getAbsoluteGravity(gravity, layoutDirection);                  final int verticalGravity = gravity & Gravity.VERTICAL_GRAVITY_MASK;                     switch (absoluteGravity & Gravity.HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK) {                      case Gravity.LEFT:                          childLeft = parentLeft + lp.leftMargin;                          break ;                      case Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL:                          childLeft = parentLeft + (parentRight - parentLeft - width) / 2 +                          lp.leftMargin - lp.rightMargin;                          break ;                      case Gravity.RIGHT:                          childLeft = parentRight - width - lp.rightMargin;                          break ;                      default :                          childLeft = parentLeft + lp.leftMargin;                  }                     switch (verticalGravity) {                      case Gravity.TOP:                          childTop = parentTop + lp.topMargin;                          break ;                      case Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL:                          childTop = parentTop + (parentBottom - parentTop - height) / 2 +                          lp.topMargin - lp.bottomMargin;                          break ;                      case Gravity.BOTTOM:                          childTop = parentBottom - height - lp.bottomMargin;                          break ;                      default :                          childTop = parentTop + lp.topMargin;                  }                     child.layout(childLeft, childTop, childLeft + width, childTop + height);              }          }      }

从代码中可以看出，孩子View左上角坐标的X值就是ViewGroup的左内边距加上view的外边距，Y值同理。

哎，怎么感觉自己写着写着，还把问题说复杂了点，感觉还是看代码能明白。

还有，我在2.2版本的代码上，gravity与margin属性必须同时设置，margin才能发挥作用，如果只有margin属性而没有设置gravity,就没有效果。如果有谁知道，欢迎指教哈。

在上一篇中说了下android里drag and drop 一个View，当时那个imageView放在一个LinearLayout里面，事实上放在FrameLayout同样适用，因为他们的布局参数都继承 MarginLayoutParams类，所以通过margin控制他们的布局位置同样在FrameLayout使用。事实上 GridLayout,LinearLayout,RelativeLayout,FrameLayout的布局参数都是继承 MarginLayoutParams的。

原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/slider/archive/2011/12/30/2302413.html