详解iPhone SDK开发基础之自定义仪表控件

iPhone SDK开发基础之自定义仪表控件是本文要介绍的内容，主要是来学习仪表控件。在iOS开发中，因为程序的需要，有时要自行绘制iPhone SDK没有提供的界面控件，通常使用QuartzCore.framework即可画出你所需要的各种图形，在这里我们实现一个圆形的“仪表盘”控件，控件的外观如图3-48所示，用户可以通过旋转仪表控件的指针来设置程序需要的各种系统参数,如图所示：

控件使用两个UIView来实现仪表控件，并通过CGAffineTransform类来实现仪表指针的旋转，控件在UIDialView类中实现，UIDialView类的定义如下。

    // UIDialView.h
    #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
    @protocol UIDialViewDelegate
    @optional
    - (void)dialValue:(int)tag Value:(float)value;
    @end
    @interface UIDialView : UIView {
    id<UIDialViewDelegate> delegate;
    NSTimer *timer;
    UIImageView *iv;
    float maxValue,minValue;
    CGAffineTransform initialTransform ;
    float currentValue;
    }
    @property(nonatomic,assign)id<UIDialViewDelegate>delegate;
    @property CGAffineTransform initialTransform;
    @property float currentValue;
    @end 

在UIDialView类的实现文件中，通过init()方法读取图片文件初始化控件背景和指针，代码如下。

    // UIDialView.m
    #import "UIDialView.h"
    @interface
    UIDialView()
    -(void)spin:(NSTimer *)timer;
    -(float) goodDegrees:(float)degrees;
    @end
    #define degreesToRadians(degrees) (M_PI * degrees / 180.0)
    #define radiansToDegrees(radians) (radians * 180 / M_PI)
    static CGPoint delta;
    static float deltaAngle;
    static float currentAngle;
    @implementation UIDialView
    @synthesize initialTransform,currentValue;
    - (void)dealloc {
    [iv release];
    [super dealloc];
    }
    @synthesize
    delegate;
    - (id)init{
    if ((self = [super init])) {
    self.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
    iv =[[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"knob. png"]];
    UIImage *backgroundTile = [UIImage imageNamed: @"clock.png"];
    UIColor *backgroundPattern = [[UIColor alloc] initWithPatternImage: backgroundTile];
    self.contentMode = UIViewContentModeCenter;
    [self setBackgroundColor:backgroundPattern];
    [backgroundPattern release];
    iv.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
    iv.autoresizesSubviews= YES;
    self.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, iv.frame.size.width, iv.frame.size. height);
    [self addSubview:iv];
    [self bringSubviewToFront:iv];
    [iv release];
    currentValue = 0;
    currentAngle = 0;
    deltaAngle = 0.0;
    }
    return self;
    } 

在UIView的touchesBegan()方法中捕获用户Touch点的位置，并根据此位置使用atan2()函数计算出控件的初始化角度，代码如下。

    - (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
    UITouch *thisTouch = [touches anyObject];
    delta = [thisTouch locationInView:self];
    float dx = delta.x - iv.center.x;
    float dy = delta.y - iv.center.y;
    deltaAngle = atan2(dy,dx);
    initialTransform = iv.transform;
    } 

在用户的旋转过程中通过设置指针UIView对象的transform属性实现仪表控件指针伴随用户手指的旋转而旋转，代码如下。

    - (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
    UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];
    CGPoint pt = [touch locationInView:self];
    float dx = pt.x - iv.center.x;
    float dy = pt.y - iv.center.y;
    float ang = atan2(dy,dx);
    if (deltaAngle == 0.0) {
    deltaAngle = ang;
    initialTransform = iv.transform;
    }else{
    float angleDif = deltaAngle - ang;
    CGAffineTransform newTrans = CGAffineTransformRotate(initialTransform, -angleDif);
    iv.transform = newTrans;
    float diffValue = [self goodDegrees:radiansToDegrees(angleDif)];
    currentValue = maxValue - ((maxValue - minValue)/300)*diffValue;
    if(currentValue > 100) currentValue = 100;
    }
    if (delegate != nil) {
    [delegate dialValue:self.tag Value:currentValue];
    }
    } 

客户通过实现UIDialViewDelegate接口协议的dialValue()方法而得到控件的通知消息，代码如下。

    // DialViewController.h
    #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
    #import "UIDialView.h"
    @interface
    DialViewController : UIViewController< UIDialViewDelegate> {
    UIDialView *dialView;
    UILabel *myLabel;
    }
    - (void)dialValue:(int)tag Value:(float)value{
    NSString *str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.1f",v*100];
    [myLabel performSelector:@selector(setText:) withObject:str];
    } 

小结：详解iPhone SDK开发基础之自定义仪表控件的内容介绍完了，希望通过本文的的学习能对你有所帮助