初步学习elisp

;run elisp with C-x C-e
(+ 3 4)

;print message
(message "hi")

;print variable values
(message "this number is %d" 0)

;print string
(message "this string is %s" "jianghao")

;any expression 
(message "what this variable ? %S " (list 1 2 3 4 5))


;Arithmetic Functions
(+ 4 5)   ;9

(- 9 2)   ;7

(- 9 2 3) ;4

(+ 4 5 (- 4 2)) ;11

(* 3 4)   ;12

(* 2 3 2) ;12

(/ 2 4)   ;0

(/ 2 4.0) ;0.5

(% 3 4)   ;3

(expt 2 3);8

;t = ture  nil = false
;;decimal number,must have a number after dot

;check expression is integer
(integerp 3.) ;t

;check expression is float
(floatp 3.) ;nil

(floatp 3.0)  ;t

;Coventing String  And number
(string-to-number "22")

(number-to-string  22)


;if 
;false
(if nil "Oh Is ture" "false") ; false

(if () "Ture" "False") ;False

(if (list) "ture" "false") ;false

(if '() "One" "two") ;two


;ture
(if t "that`s ture" "you see")

(if 0 "Yes" "no") 

(if [] "YU" "sorry") ; [] = 0

(if "" "Y" "N")

;elisp no boolean datatype just ()  and nil

(and t nil)  ;&
(or t nil)   ;|


;comparison functions

;number comparion
(< 3 5)  ;less than

(> 1 2)  ;great than

(<= 2 2) ;less or equal

(>= 1 9) ;greater or equal

(=  3 3) ;equal  t

(=  1 1.0) ;equal t

(/= 2 2) ; not equal nil

;string comparion

(string-equal "YOU" "YOU") ;

;equal test datatype and values equal

(equal 1 1);t

(equal 1 1.0);t datattype not match

(equal "" "");

(equal '(1 2 3) '(1 2 3));comparion  list

(not (= 3 4)) ; 3 not equal 4  t

(/=  2 4) ; /= compartion number only

(not (equal 1 3)) ; General way to test inequality

;;;; Global and Local Variables setq use to set variable
;;;; declared Global Variable 
(setq f 7)

(message "as %d" f)

(setq a 1 b 3 c 4)

;;(let (‹var1› ‹var2› …) ‹body›) body last expressions is returnd
(let (a b)
  (setq a 3)
  (setq b 4)
  (+ a b)
)


;;anothor (let ((‹var1› ‹val1›) (‹var2› ‹val2›) …) ‹body›)

(let ((a 3) (b 4))
  (+ a b)
  )

;;;; block of Expressions

(progn (message "hi a") (message "hi b"))

(if nil 
	(progn ;ture
	  (message "that ture")
	  )
  (progn ;false
	(message "false")
	)
  )

;;;; while
(setq i 0)
(while (< i 4)
  (print (format "Num %d" i))
  (setq i (+ 1 i))
  )

;;Iteration

(let ((x 32))
  (while (< x 127)
	(ucs-insert x)
	(setq x (+ x 1))))

;;;; Defining a Function 
;; (defun ‹function name› (‹param1› ‹param2› …) "‹doc string›" ‹body›)

(defun yay ()
  "Insert “Yay!” at cursor position."
  (interactive)
  (insert "/**\n * @param\n * @return\n */"))

(defun test (args)
  "Prints the argument"
  (interactive "p")
  (message "You args is :%d " args))

;;
(defun se(start end)
  "print star and end"
  (interactive "r")
  (message "Region begin at : %d ,end at : %d" start end)
)

;;;; Interactive 交互的意思

;; (interactive "p") p表示 数字前缓参量
;; r 表示位点
;; b 表示一个已经存在缓冲区的名字
;; f 表示一个已经存在的文件名字
;; 

(defun see(buffer)
  "buffer area print"
  (interactive "b")
  (message "buffer name is : %s" buffer)
)

;; 字符串连接
(concat "a" "b")