Supporting hyperplane

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-23 20:00:16 发布

jinzhilong580231

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-23 20:00:16 发布

阅读量1.6k

点赞数

分类专栏：数学知识文章标签： vector

数学知识专栏收录该内容

71 篇文章 2 订阅

订阅专栏

转自：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supporting_hyperplane

Supporting hyperplane is a concept in geometry. A hyperplane divides a space into two half-spaces. A hyperplane is said to support a set $S$ in Euclidean space $\mathbb R^n$ if it meets both of the following:

$S$ is entirely contained in one of the two closed half-spaces determined by the hyperplane
$S$ has at least one point on the hyperplane.

Here, a closed half-space is the half-space that includes the hyperplane.

Supporting hyperplane theorem

This theorem states that if $S$ is a closed convex set in a topological vector space $X,$ and $x 0$ is a point on the boundary of $S,$ then there exists a supporting hyperplane containing $x 0 .$ If $x^* \in X^* \backslash \{0\}$ (the dual space of X) such that $x^*\left(x_0\right) \geq x^*(x)$ for all $x \in S$ , then

$H = \{x \in X: x^*(x) = x^*\left(x_0\right)\}$

defines a supporting hyperplane.^[1]

Conversely, if $S$ is a closed set with nonempty interior such that every point has a supporting hyperplane, then $S$ is a convex set.^[1]

The hyperplane in the theorem may not be unique, as noticed in the second picture on the right. If the closed set $S$ is not convex, the statement of the theorem is not true at all points on the boundary of $S,$ as illustrated in the third picture on the right.

A related result is the separating hyperplane theorem.