Octave解析机器学习算法

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已于 2022-05-03 11:17:34 修改

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分类专栏：算法文章标签：机器学习算法 matlab

于 2022-05-03 11:12:22 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jiyotin/article/details/124552401

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监督学习

在监督学习中，我们有一组训练数据作为输入和一组标签或“正确答案”作为输出。我们训练模型（机器学习算法参数），以正确地将输入映射到输出（以进行正确的预测）。最终目的是找到此类模型参数，这些参数将成功持续纠正输入→输出映射（预测），即使对于新的输入示例也是如此。

回归

在回归问题中，我们进行实值预测。我们尝试沿着训练示例绘制一条线/平面/n 维平面。使用示例：股票价格预测、销售分析、任意数字的依赖等。

% COST function.
% It shows how accurate our model is based on current model parameters.
function [cost] = cost_function(X, y, theta, lambda)
    % Input:
    % X - input features - (m x n) matrix.
    % theta - our model parameters - (n x 1) vector.
    % y - a vector of correct output - (m x 1) vector.
    % lambda - regularization parameter.
    %
    % Output:
    % cost - number that represents the cost (error) of our model with specified parameters theta.
    %
    % Where:
    % m - number of training examples,
    % n - number of features.

    % Get the size of the trainging set.
    m = size(X, 1);

    % Get the difference between predictions and correct output values.
    differences = hypothesis(X, theta) - y;

    % Calculate regularization parameter.
    % Remember that we should not regularize the parameter theta_zero.
    theta_cut = theta(2:end, 1);
    regularization_param = lambda * (theta_cut' * theta_cut);

    % Calculate current predictions cost.
    cost = (1 / 2 * m) * (differences' * differences + regularization_param);
end

% FEATURE NORMALIZE function.
% Normalizes the features in X. Returns a normalized version of X where the mean value of 
% each feature is 0 and the standard deviation is 1.
function [X_normalized, mu, sigma] = feature_normalize(X)
    X_normalized = X;
    mu = zeros(1, size(X_normalized, 2));
    sigma = zeros(1, size(X_normalized, 2));

    % Get average values for each feature (column) in X.
    mu = mean(X_normalized);

    % Calculate the standard deviation for each feature.
    sigma = std(X_normalized);

    % Subtract mean values from each feature (column) of every example (row)
    % to make all features be spread around zero.
    X_normalized = X_normalized - mu;

    % Normalize each feature values for each example so that all features 
    % are close to [-1:1] boundaries.
    X_normalized = X_normalized ./ sigma;
end