Mathematical Aspect of Linux Shell Programming – Part IV

In this post I will be discussing the Scripts from the Mathematical and Number point of view. Although I have posted a more complex script (Simple Calculator) in the previous post, but on a user part it was difficult to understand and hence I thought to make you people learn the other useful side of learning in small packets.

Prior to this article, three article of Shell Scripting Series are published and they are:

1. Understand Linux Shell and Basic Shell Scripting – Part I
2. 5 Shell Scripts to Learn Shell Programming – Part II
3. Sailing Through The World of Linux BASH Scripting – Part III

Let’s start the further learning process with some new exciting scripts, start withMathematics scripts:

Script 1: Additions

Create a file “Addition.sh” and chmod 755 to the script as described in previous post and run it.

 
 

  
  #!/bin/bash
 
 
 
 

  
  echo “Enter the First Number: ” 
 
 
read a 

 
 

  
  ter the Second Number: ” 
read b 
 
 
echo “E
n
x=$(expr "$a" + "$b") 

 
 
echo $a + $b = $x

Sample Output

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# vi Additions.sh
 
 
 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# chmod 755 Additions.sh
 
 
[root@tecmint ~]# ./Additions.sh


 
 

  
  nter the Second Number: ” 

 
 
“Enter the First Number: ” 
12 
“
E13 

 
 

  
  13 = 25
 
 
12 +
 

Download Additions.sh

Script 2: Substraction

 
 

  
  #!/bin/bash
 
 
 
 

  
  echo “Enter the First Number: ” 
 
 
read a 

 
 

  
  ter the Second Number: ” 
read b 
 
 
echo “E
n
x=$(($a - $b)) 

 
 
echo $a - $b = $x

Note: Here we replaced the expr and let the mathematical calculation be performed in shell.

Sample Output

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# vi Substraction.sh
 
 
 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# chmod 755 Substraction.sh
 
 
[root@tecmint ~]# ./Substraction.sh


 
 

  
  r the Second Number: ” 
20 
 
 
“Enter the First Number: ” 
13 
“Ent
e

 
 

  
   - 20 = -7
 
 
1
3

Download Substraction.sh

Script 3: Multiplication

So far you would be enjoying a lot, learning scripts in such an easy way, so the next in chronological order is Multiplication.

 
 

  
  #!/bin/bash
 
 
 
 

  
  echo “Enter the First Number: ” 
 
 
read a 

 
 

  
  ter the Second Number: ” 
read b 
 
 
echo “E
n

 
 

  
  ho "$a * $b = $(expr $a \* $b)"
 
 
e
c

Note: Yup! Here we didn’t put the value of multiplication in a variable but performed it directly in output statement.

Sample Output

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# vi Multiplication.sh
 
 
 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# chmod 755 Multiplication.sh
 
 
[root@tecmint ~]# ./Multiplication.sh


 
 

  
  the Second Number: ” 
11 
1
 
 
“Enter the First Number: ” 
11 
“Enter

 
 

  
   1 * 11 = 121
 
 

Download Multiplication.sh

Script 4: Division

Right! Next is Division, and again it is a very simple script. Check it Yourself.

 
 

  
  #!/bin/bash
 
 
 
 

  
  echo “Enter the First Number: ” 
 
 
read a 

 
 

  
  ter the Second Number: ” 
read b 
 
 
echo “E
n

 
 

  
  ho "$a / $b = $(expr $a / $b)"
 
 
e
c

Sample Output

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# vi Division.sh
 
 
 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# chmod 755 Division.sh
 
 
[root@tecmint ~]# ./Division.sh


 
 

  
  Enter the Second Number: ” 
 
 
“Enter the First Number: ” 
12 

“
3 

 
 

  
  3 = 4
 
 
12 /
 

Download Division.sh

Script 5: Table

Fine! What after these basic mathematical operation. Lets write a script that prints table of any number.

 
 

  
  #!/bin/bash
 
 
 
 

  
  echo “Enter The Number upto which you want to Print Table: ” 
 
 
read n 
i=1 
while [ $i -ne 10 ] 
do 
i=$(expr $i + 1) 

 
 
table=$(expr $i \* $n) 
echo $table 

 
 
done

Sample Output

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# vi Table.sh
 
 
 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# chmod 755 Table.sh
 
 
[root@tecmint ~]# ./Table.sh


 
 

  
  ou want to Print Table: ” 
29 
58 
87 
116 
145 
174 
20
 
 
“Enter The Number upto which 
y3 
232 
261 

 
 
290

Download Table.sh

Script 6: EvenOdd

We as a child always have carried out calculation to find if the number is odd or even. Won’t it be a good idea to implement it in script.

 
 

  
  #!/bin/bash
 
 
 
 

  
  echo "Enter The Number" 
 
 
read n 

 
 

  
  pr $n % 2) 
if [ $n
 
 
num=$(e
xum -eq 0 ] 
then 

 
 

  
  ber" 
else 
echo "is a O
 
 
echo "is a Even Nu
mdd Number" 

 
 
fi

Sample Output

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# vi EvenOdd.sh
 
 
 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# chmod 755 EvenOdd.sh
 
 
[root@tecmint ~]# ./EvenOdd.sh


 
 

  
  Number
 
 
Enter The Number 
12 
is a Even

 
 

  
   
 
 

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# ./EvenOdd.sh
 
 

Enter The Number 
11 

 
 
is a Odd Number

Download EvenOdd.sh

Script 7: Factorial

Next is to find the Factorial.

 
 

  
  #!/bin/bash 
 
 
 
 

  
  echo "Enter The Number" 
 
 
read a 
fact=1 

 
 

  
   ] 
do 
fact=$(expr
 
 
while [ $a -ne 
0 $fact \* $a) 
a=$(expr $a - 1) 

 
 
done 

 
 

  
  fact
 
 
echo 
$

Sample Output

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# vi Factorial.sh
 
 
 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# chmod 755 Factorial.sh
 
 
[root@tecmint ~]# ./Factorial.sh


 
 
Enter The Number 
12 

 
 
479001600

You may now relax with a feeling that calculating 12*11*10*9*7*7*6*5*4*3*2*1 would be more difficult than a simple script as produced above. Think of the situation where you require to find 99! or something like that. Sure! This script will be very much handy in that situation.

Download Factorial.sh

Script 8: Armstrong

Armstrong Number! Ohhh You forget what an Armstrong Number is. Well an Armstrong number of three digits is an integer such that the sum of the cubes of its digits is equal to the number itself. For example, 371 is an Armstrong number since 3**3 + 7**3 + 1**3 = 371.

 
 

  
  #!/bin/bash 
 
 
 
 

  
  echo "Enter A Number" 
 
 
read n 
arm=0 

 
 

  
  [ $n -ne
 
 
temp=$n 
while
  0 ] 
do 

 
 

  
   % 10) 
arm=$(expr
 
 
r=$(expr $
n $arm + $r \* $r \* $r) 

 
 

  
  cho $arm 
if [ $ar
 
 
n=$(expr $n / 10) 
done 

em -eq $temp ] 
then 
echo "Armstrong" 

 
 
else 
echo "Not Armstrong" 

 
 
fi

Sample Output

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# vi Armstrong.sh
 
 
 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# chmod 755 Armstrong.sh
 
 
[root@tecmint ~]# ./Armstrong.sh


 
 

  
  g
 
 
Enter A Number 
371 
371 
Armstro

 
 

  
  n
 
 

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# ./Armstrong.sh
 
 

Enter A Number 
123 
36 

 
 
Not Armstrong

Download Armstrong.sh

Script 9: Prime

The last script is to distinguish whether a number is prime or not.

 
 

  
  #!/bin/bash 
 
 
 
 

  
  echo “Enter Any Number”
 
 
read n
i=1
c=1

 
 

  
  $n ]
do
i=$(expr $i
 
 
while [ $i -le
  + 1)
r=$(expr $n % $i)

 
 

  
  expr $c + 1)
fi
 
 
if [ $r -eq 0 ]
then
c=$
(
done
if [ $c -eq 2 ]
then
echo “Prime”

 
 
else
echo “Not Prime”

 
 
fi

Sample Output

 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# vi Prime.sh
 
 
 
 

  
  [root@tecmint ~]# chmod 755 Prime.sh
 
 
[root@tecmint ~]# ./Prime.sh


 
 

  
  Prime”
 
 
“Enter Any Number” 
12 

“Not

 
 

  
   
 
 

Download Prime.sh

That’s all for now. In our very next article we will be covering other mathematical programs in the shell Scripting programming language. Don’t forget to mention your views regarding article in the Comment section. Like and share us and help us spread. Come Visitingtecmint.com for News and articles relating to FOSS. Till then Stay tuned.