Java之Stream的实用语法

1. 转Map

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
Map<String, Book> bookMap = books.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Book::getBookId, book -> book));

注意不要重复key值，否则将报 Duplicate key 异常！如果要避免这种错误，可以加上第三个参数，用来处理重复，不过需要注意，内容不能为空

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
Map<String, Book> bookMap = books.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Book::getBookId, book -> book, (b, b1) -> b));

避免内容为空可以对内容进行判断赋默认值

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
Map<String, Book> bookMap = books.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Book::getBookId, book -> Optional.ofNullable(book).orElse(new Book()), (b, b1) -> b));

结果结构

{
    "1": {
        "bookId": "1",
        "bookTitle": "书1"
    },
    "2": {
        "bookId": "2",
        "bookTitle": "书2"
    },
}

2. 转Array

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
String[] bookIds = books.stream().map(Book::getBookId).toArray(String[]::new);

3. 字符串拼接

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
String bookNames = books.stream().map(Book::getBookTitle).collect(Collectors.joining(","));

结果结构

"书1,书2"

4. 类型转换

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
List<Book2> book2s = books.stream().map(book -> {
    Book2 book2 = new Book2();
    BeanUtils.copyProperties(book, book2);
}).collect(Collectors.toList());

5. 条件判断（存在任意匹配的）

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
if (books.stream().anyMatch(book -> !book.getBookTitle.contains("书"))) {
    throw new RuntimeException("存在非正常书名称");
} else {
    return books;
}

6. 条件判断（无匹配的）

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
if (books.stream().noneMatch(book -> "1".equals(book.getType()))) {
    throw new RuntimeException("无指定类型的书籍");
}

7. 修改数据项

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
return books.stream().peek(book -> book.setBookTitle(null)).collect(Collectors.toList());

8. 过滤

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
return books.stream().filter(book -> "1".equals(book.getType())).collect(Collectors.toList());

9. 排序

List<Book> books = bookMapper.list();
return books.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(Book::getCreateTime)).collect(Collectors.toList());

对于字符串可以转换类型排序

List<String> strings = Arrays.asList("3", "6", "10", "1", "60");

List<String> collect = strings.stream().sorted().collect(Collectors.toList());
// 结果：[1, 10, 3, 6, 60]

List<String> collect = strings.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparingInt(Integer::valueOf)).collect(Collectors.toList());
// 结果：[1, 3, 6, 10, 60]

倒序只需要添加reversed方法

List<String> collect = strings.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparingInt(Integer::valueOf).reversed()).collect(Collectors.toList());
// 结果：[60, 10, 6, 3, 1]

10. 按字段去重

按字段去重比较麻烦，通过 collectingAndThen 和 toMap 结合实现，实际上是利用了 toMap 的去重能力，然后通过 collectingAndThen 再对 Map 进行转换。
注意：Book 集合中的项不能为空，否则会报错，见 转Map 中的说明。
还需要注意的是，因为是通过 Map 来实现去重的，所以去重后的数据是 无序的，有要求的话需要额外排序。

List<Book> bookList = books.stream().collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(
        Collectors.toMap(Book::getBookName, book -> book, (book, book2) -> book),
        stringBookMap -> new ArrayList<>(stringBookMap.values())
)).stream().collect(Collectors.toList());