unittest在Python单元测试中很常见,下面借助IDE录制的脚本并导出来分析它的框架。
在百度首页输入selenium,空格,删除空格,然后回车搜索,录制如下:
将录制完的脚本导出,另存为baidu_test.py
打开另存为的脚本,其内容如下:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoAlertPresentException
import unittest, time, re
class BaiduTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()#
self.driver.implicitly_wait(30)
self.base_url = "https://www.baidu.com/"
self.verificationErrors = []
self.accept_next_alert = True
def test_baidu(self):
driver = self.driver
driver.get(self.base_url + "/")
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").click()
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").clear()
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("Selenium")
driver.find_element_by_id("su").click()
def is_element_present(self, how, what):
try: self.driver.find_element(by=how, value=what)
except NoSuchElementException, e: return False
return True
def is_alert_present(self):
try: self.driver.switch_to_alert()
except NoAlertPresentException, e: return False
return True
def close_alert_and_get_its_text(self):
try:
alert = self.driver.switch_to_alert()
alert_text = alert.text
if self.accept_next_alert:
alert.accept()
else:
alert.dismiss()
return alert_text
finally: self.accept_next_alert = True
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors)
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
1、setup()里面大部分熟悉,不过有些还是第一次见:
self.verificationErrors = [] #脚本运行时,错误的信息将被打印到这个列表中。
self.accept_next_alert = True #是否继续接受下一下警告
2、这个测试操作代码,熟悉:
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">def test_baidu(self):</span>
driver = self.driver
driver.get(self.base_url + "/")
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").click()
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").clear()
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("Selenium")
driver.find_element_by_id("su").click()
#这个是判断页面是否有元素,作用不大
def is_element_present(self, how, what):
try: self.driver.find_element(by=how, value=what)
except NoSuchElementException, e: return False
return True
4、弹窗异常处理:
def is_alert_present(self):
try: self.driver.switch_to_alert()
except NoAlertPresentException, e: return False
return True
5、关闭警告和对得到的文本框的处理:
def close_alert_and_get_its_text(self):
try:
alert = self.driver.switch_to_alert()
alert_text = alert.text
if self.accept_next_alert:
alert.accept()
else:
alert.dismiss()
return alert_text
finally: self.accept_next_alert = True
6、teardown()下的代码: self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors) 是个难点,对前面 verificationErrors 方法获得的列表进行比较;如查 verificationErrors 的列表不为空, 输出列表中的报错信息。这个东西,也可以将来被你自己更好的调用和使用,根据自己的需要写入你希望的信息。
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors)