参考http://android.blog.51cto.com/268543/384844
1、成员内部类
成员内部类,就是作为外部类的成员,可以直接使用外部类的所有成员和方法,即使是private的。同时外部类要访问内部类的所有成员变量/方法,则需要通过内部类的对象来获取。
要注意的是,成员内部类不能含有static的变量和方法。因为成员内部类需要先创建了外部类,才能创建它自己的,了解这一点,就可以明白更多事情,在此省略更多的细节了。在成员内部类要引用外部类对象时,使用outer.this来表示外部类对象;而需要创建内部类对象,可以使用outer.inner obj = outerobj.new inner();
public class Outer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Outer outer = new Outer();
Outer.Inner inner = outer.new Inner();
inner.print("Outer.new");
inner = outer.getInner();
inner.print("Outer.get");
}
// 个人推荐使用getxxx()来获取成员内部类,尤其是该内部类的构造函数无参数时
public Inner getInner() {
return new Inner();
}
public class Inner {
public void print(String str) {
System.out.println(str);
}
}
}
2、局部内部类
局部内部类,是指内部类定义在方法和作用域内。使用outer.this来表示外部类对象,注意name为final类型,局部内部类要使用形参name,必须加上final。Thinking in Java给了这么两个例子:
定义在方法内:
public class Outer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Outer outer = new Outer();
Inner inner = outer.getInner("Inner", "gz");
System.out.println(inner.getName());
}
public Inner getInner(final String name, String city) {
class InnerImp implements Inner {
private String nameStr = name;
public String getName() {
return nameStr;
}
}
return new InnerImp();
}
}
interface Inner {
String getName();
}
定义在作用域里:
public class Parcel5 {
private void internalTracking(boolean b) {
if (b) {
class TrackingSlip {
private String id;
TrackingSlip(String s) {
id = s;
}
String getSlip() {
return id;
}
}
TrackingSlip ts = new TrackingSlip("slip");
String s = ts.getSlip();
}
}
public void track() {
internalTracking(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Parcel5 p = new Parcel5();
p.track();
}
}
3、静态内部类
嵌套内部类,就是修饰为static的内部类。声明为static的内部类,不需要内部类对象和外部类对象之间的联系,就是说我们可以直接引用outer.inner,即不需要创建外部类,也不需要创建内部类。嵌套类和普通的内部类还有一个区别:普通内部类不能有static数据和static属性,也不能包含嵌套类,但嵌套类可以。而嵌套类不能声明为private,一般声明为public,方便调用。
静态内部类,就是修饰为static的内部类,不能引用外部类的成员和方法。不能声明为private,一般声明为public。
静态内部类,可以包含static的成员和方法,而成员内部类不能。
如果要生成静态内部类,outer.inner obj = new outerobj.inner();
/*
* This file is auto-generated. DO NOT MODIFY.
* Original file: frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/IFregService.aidl
*/
package android.os;
public interface IFregService extends android.os.IInterface {
/** Local-side IPC implementation stub class. */
public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements
android.os.IFregService {
private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "android.os.IFregService";
/** Construct the stub at attach it to the interface. */
public Stub() {
this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);
}
/**
* Cast an IBinder object into an android.os.IFregService interface,
* generating a proxy if needed.
*/
public static android.os.IFregService asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj) {
if ((obj == null)) {
return null;
}
android.os.IInterface iin = (android.os.IInterface) obj
.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
if (((iin != null) && (iin instanceof android.os.IFregService))) {
return ((android.os.IFregService) iin);
}
return new android.os.IFregService.Stub.Proxy(obj);
}
public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
return this;
}
@Override
public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data,
android.os.Parcel reply, int flags)
throws android.os.RemoteException {
switch (code) {
case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION: {
reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR);
return true;
}
case TRANSACTION_setVal: {
data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
int _arg0;
_arg0 = data.readInt();
this.setVal(_arg0);
reply.writeNoException();
return true;
}
case TRANSACTION_getVal: {
data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
int _result = this.getVal();
reply.writeNoException();
reply.writeInt(_result);
return true;
}
}
return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
}
private static class Proxy implements android.os.IFregService {
private android.os.IBinder mRemote;
Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote) {
mRemote = remote;
}
public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
return mRemote;
}
public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor() {
return DESCRIPTOR;
}
public void setVal(int val) throws android.os.RemoteException {
android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
try {
_data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
_data.writeInt(val);
mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_setVal, _data, _reply, 0);
_reply.readException();
} finally {
_reply.recycle();
_data.recycle();
}
}
public int getVal() throws android.os.RemoteException {
android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
int _result;
try {
_data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_getVal, _data, _reply, 0);
_reply.readException();
_result = _reply.readInt();
} finally {
_reply.recycle();
_data.recycle();
}
return _result;
}
}
static final int TRANSACTION_setVal = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);
static final int TRANSACTION_getVal = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 1);
}
public void setVal(int val) throws android.os.RemoteException;
public int getVal() throws android.os.RemoteException;
}
4、匿名内部类
匿名内部类,使用outer.this来表示外部类对象。
((Button) findViewById(R.id.start)).setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}.start();
}
});
对比局部内部类第一个例子,就能清楚的理解局部内部类的含义:
public class Outer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Outer outer = new Outer();
Inner inner = outer.getInner("Inner", "gz");
System.out.println(inner.getName());
}
public Inner getInner(final String name, String city) {
return new Inner() {
private String nameStr = name;
public String getName() {
return nameStr;
}
};
}
}
interface Inner {
String getName();
}
public class Outer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Outer outer = new Outer();
Inner inner = outer.getInner("Inner", "gz");
System.out.println(inner.getName());
}
public Inner getInner(final String name, String city) {
return new Inner(name, city) {
private String nameStr = name;
public String getName() {
return nameStr;
}
};
}
}
abstract class Inner {
Inner(String name, String city) {
System.out.println(city);
}
abstract String getName();
}
还有一种aidl中,经常碰到的例子:
private IAcceleraterService.Stub mBinder = new IAcceleraterService.Stub() {
@Override
public void stop() throws RemoteException {
mAccServiceManager.stopAcc();
}
@Override
public void start() throws RemoteException {
int flag = mAccServiceManager.startAcc(AcceleraterService.this);
if (flag == 0) {
Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_START_SUCCESS);
AcceleraterService.this.sendBroadcast(intent);
} else {
Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_START_FAILURE);
AcceleraterService.this.sendBroadcast(intent);
}
}
@Override
public int resume() throws RemoteException {
return mAccServiceManager.resumeAcc();
}
@Override
public int pause() throws RemoteException {
return mAccServiceManager.pauseAcc();
}
@Override
public int isAvailable() throws RemoteException {
return mAccServiceManager.isAccAvailable();
}
@Override
public int getHttpProxyPort() throws RemoteException {
return mAccServiceManager.getAccHttpProxyPort();
}
@Override
public boolean isACCEnable() throws RemoteException {
return AcceleraterServiceManager.isACCEnable();
}
@Override
public String getAccPort() throws RemoteException {
return AcceleraterServiceManager.ACC_PORT;
}
@Override
public String getVersionName() throws RemoteException {
return AcceleraterServiceManager.getAccVersionName();
}
@Override
public int getVersionCode() throws RemoteException {
return AcceleraterServiceManager.getAccVersionCode();
}
@Override
public int getCurrentStatus() throws RemoteException {
return mAccServiceManager.getCurrentStatus();
}
};
IAcceleraterService.Stub是一个抽象类。