在web环境下,Quartz可以通过配置文件来完成后台的作业调度,不必手工创建Trigger和Scheduler,其步骤如下:
首先将quartz.jar,以及lib目录下面core和optional两个目录中的所有jar全都放入项目WEB-INF\lib目录下
job就是一个简单的java类,这里的功能就是输出当前的时间了。
- import java.util.Date;
- import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
- import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
- import org.quartz.Job;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
- public class Helloworld implements Job{
- public Helloworld() {
- }
- private static Log _log = LogFactory
- .getLog(Helloworld.class);
- public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
- throws JobExecutionException {
- _log.info("Hello World! - " + new Date());
- }
- }
然后编写quartz.properties文件,这个文件的默认名称就是quartz.properties,如果启动项目的时候,Quartz没有在工程中找到该文件,就会从自己的jar包下面读取其默认的properties文件,其内容如下:
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = TestScheduler
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId = one
org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 2
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 4
org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.class = org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingTriggerHistoryPlugin
org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.triggerFiredMessage = Trigger {1}.{0} fired job {6}.{5} at: {4, date, HH:mm:ss MM/dd/yyyy}
org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.triggerCompleteMessage = Trigger {1}.{0} completed firing job {6}.{5} at {4, date, HH:mm:ss MM/dd/yyyy} with resulting trigger instruction code: {9}
org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.class = org.quartz.plugins.xml.JobInitializationPlugin
org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileName = quartz_job.xml
org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.overWriteExistingJobs = false
org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.failOnFileNotFound = true
org.quartz.plugin.shutdownhook.class = org.quartz.plugins.management.ShutdownHookPlugin
org.quartz.plugin.shutdownhook.cleanShutdown = true
上面的
org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileName = quartz_job.xml
是用来配置定义job文件的名称。
然后编写quartz_job.xml,
<quartz><job> <trigger> </trigger> </job>
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <quartz>
- <job>
- <job-detail>
- <name>helloworld</name>
- <group>group1</group>
- <job-class>Helloworld</job-class>
- </job-detail>
- <trigger>
- <cron>
- <name>test</name>
- <group>group1</group>
- <job-name>helloworld</job-name>
- <job-group>group1</job-group>
- <cron-expression>0 0/1 * * * ?</cron-expression>
- </cron>
- </trigger>
- </job>
- </quartz>
</quartz>
可以看到,在配置文件中把jobdetail和trigger都作了完整的定义,并组合成一个job。下面,我们把上面两个文件都放入/WEB-INF/classes目录下,然后按照api中的说明修改一下web.xml。
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>
- QuartzInitializer
- </servlet-name>
- <display-name>
- Quartz Initializer Servlet
- </display-name>
- <servlet-class>
- org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerServlet
- </servlet-class>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>config-file</param-name>
- <param-value>/quartz.properties</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>shutdown-on-unload</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </servlet>
这样,在启动Tomcat的时候,QuartzInitializerServlet这个Servlet就会自动读取quartz.properties这个配置文件,并初始化调度信息,启动Scheduler。
我在这里用的是Quartz1.5.0,在1.5.1中新增加了QuartzInitializerListener,但是似乎有些问题,始终启动不起来,而且更过分的是,它的api居然写错了,在 <listener-class>这个标记中,用了 QuartzInitializerServletListener,就算把机器砸了,它也找不到这个类啊!</listener-class>
现在就大功告成了