linux驱动异步通知是指应用程序app不去主动调用驱动程序,而是有驱动程序主动将发生事件的结果告诉app,比如按键驱动,当有一个按键按下或者抬起的时候,就会主动通知app而无需app一直在那里等待按键事件的发送,中断+等待队列和poll机制也是app主动去调用驱动接口函数,而异步通知是驱动主动告诉app。
异步通知必须做到以下几点:
1:注册信号处理函数 ====》有应用程序注册信号处理函数
2:事件的结果有谁发? ====》事件的结果有驱动程序发,
3:发给谁? ====》发给app,但是app要告诉驱动程序pid(进程号)
4:怎样发? ====》通过kill_fasync(...)函数接口来发送
驱动代码
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
static struct class *fasyncdrv_class;
static struct class_device *fasyncdrv_class_dev;
//volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
//volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);
/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1,fasync_drv_read将它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;
static struct fasync_struct *button_async;
struct pin_desc{
unsigned int pin;
unsigned int key_val;
};
/* 键值: 按下时, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */
/* 键值: 松开时, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */
static unsigned char key_val;
/*
* K1,K2,K3,K4对应GPG0,GPG3,GPG5,GPG6
*/
struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {
{S3C2410_GPG0, 0x01},
{S3C2410_GPG3, 0x02},
{S3C2410_GPG5, 0x03},
{S3C2410_GPG6, 0x04},
};
/*
* 确定按键值
*/
static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;
unsigned int pinval;
pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);
if (pinval)
{
/* 松开 */
key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;
}
else
{
/* 按下 */
key_val = pindesc->key_val;
}
ev_press = 1; /* 表示中断发生了 */
wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */
kill_fasync (&button_async, SIGIO, POLL_IN); //在中断里发送事件的结果,异步通知app
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
static int fasync_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
/* GPG0,GPG3,GPG5,GPG6为中断引脚: EINT8,EINT11,EINT13,EINT14 */
request_irq(IRQ_EINT8, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "K1", &pins_desc[0]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "K2", &pins_desc[1]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT13, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "K3", &pins_desc[2]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT14, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "K4", &pins_desc[3]);
return 0;
}
ssize_t fasync_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
if (size != 1)
return -EINVAL;
/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);
/* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */
copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);
ev_press = 0;
return 1;
}
int fasync_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
free_irq(IRQ_EINT8, &pins_desc[0]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[1]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT13, &pins_desc[2]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT14, &pins_desc[3]);
return 0;
}
static unsigned fasync_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
unsigned int mask = 0;
poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠
if (ev_press)
mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
return mask;
}
static int fasync_drv_fasync (int fd, struct file *filp, int on)
{
printk("driver: fasync_drv_fasync\n");
return fasync_helper (fd, filp, on, &button_async);
}
static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE, /* 这是一个宏,推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
.open = fasync_drv_open,
.read = fasync_drv_read,
.release = fasync_drv_close,
.poll = fasync_drv_poll,
.fasync = fasync_drv_fasync, //异步通知函数接口
};
int major;
static int fasync_drv_init(void)
{
major = register_chrdev(0, "fasync_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);
fasyncdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "fasync_drv");
fasyncdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(fasyncdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */
return 0;
}
static void fasync_drv_exit(void)
{
unregister_chrdev(major, "fasync_drv");
class_device_unregister(fasyncdrv_class_dev);
class_destroy(fasyncdrv_class);
// iounmap(gpfcon);
return 0;
}
module_init(fasync_drv_init);
module_exit(fasync_drv_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
app测试函数
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
int fd;
void my_signal_fun(int signum)
{
unsigned char key_val;
read(fd, &key_val, 1);
printf("key_val: 0x%x\n", key_val);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
unsigned char key_val;
int ret;
int Oflags;
signal(SIGIO, my_signal_fun);
fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0)
{
printf("can't open!\n");
}
fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid()); //把当前进程的pid告诉驱动程序
Oflags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, Oflags | FASYNC); //设置为异步通知
while (1)
{
sleep(1000);
}
return 0;
}
测试程序就不会一直调用驱动的函数接口来获取事件的处理结果,app在while里可以干其他的事情,当驱动有按键按下的时候就会主动通知app,将结果上传,