添加：监听器（Listener）

Servlet 2.5

/demo/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1">
  <display-name>demo</display-name>

  <listener>
  	<listener-class>com.jerry.demo.listener.MyListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  
</web-app>

/demo/src/main/java/com/jerry/demo/listener/MyListener.java

public class MyListener implements ServletContextListener {

	public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
		System.out.println("MyListener 初始化");
	}
	public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
		System.out.println("MyListener 销毁了");
	}

}

Servlet 3.0

新增 @WebListener 用于注册监听器
直接在 MyListener 上添加注解 @WebListener
/demo/src/main/java/com/jerry/demo/listener/MyListener.java

@WebListener
public class MyListener implements ServletContextListener {

	public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
		System.out.println("MyListener 初始化");
	}
	public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
		System.out.println("MyListener 销毁了");
	}

}

参考资料

Servlet Filters and Event Listeners