\begin{document}
\topskip0pt
\vspace*{\fill}
text
\vspace*{\fill}
%
\end{document}
另外一种vertical alignment - How to vertically center `\begin{equation}...\end{equation}` in a table cell? - TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{array,longtable,calc,amsmath}
\tabcolsep=1pt
\arrayrulewidth=1pt
\newcolumntype{A}[1]{%
>{\begin{minipage}{#1\linewidth-2\tabcolsep-1.5\arrayrulewidth}\vspace{\tabcolsep}}%
c%
<{\vspace{\tabcolsep}\end{minipage}}%
}
\begin{document}
\begin{longtable}{|*2{A{0.5}|}}
\hline
\setlength\abovedisplayshortskip{0pt}
\setlength\belowdisplayshortskip{0pt}
\strut
\begin{equation}
\sin x \cos x = y
\end{equation}
\strut
& \hrulefill \tabularnewline\hline
\end{longtable}
\end{document}