使用标准的网络配置工具:ifconfig和route命令 添加ip别名。
使用ifconfig命令查看该服务器的ip地址。示例服务器有一块物理网卡设备eth0和本地回环设备lo,eth0的ip地址为192.168.136.255,本地回环lo的IP地址为127.0.0.1.
本地回环代表设备的本地虚拟接口,所以默认被看做永远不会宕掉的接口。它的主要作用有两个:
一是测试本机的网络配置,能够ping通127.0.0.1说明本机的网卡和ip协议安装都没有问题。
二是某些server/client的应用程序在运行时必须调用服务器上的资源,一般要指定server的ip地址,但当该程序要在同一个机器上运行且没有别的server时,就可以把server的资源装在本机上,server的ip地址设为127.0.0.1也可以运行。
下面我们来查看本地的网卡设备信息:
root@ocsdb1[/root]#ifconfig -a
bond0: flags=5187<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MASTER,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.254.131 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.254.255
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:feda:c3d5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:da:c3:d5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2095 bytes 217367 (212.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 967 bytes 211369 (206.4 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s3: flags=6211<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SLAVE,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 08:00:27:da:c3:d5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1831 bytes 198849 (194.1 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 967 bytes 211369 (206.4 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s8: flags=6211<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SLAVE,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 08:00:27:da:c3:d5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 264 bytes 18518 (18.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s9: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 193.169.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 193.169.1.255
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe0a:d873 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:0a:d8:73 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 246 bytes 17412 (17.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 14 bytes 1008 (1008.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s10: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 193.169.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 193.169.2.255
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fecf:4b94 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:cf:4b:94 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 251 bytes 17712 (17.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 14 bytes 1008 (1008.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 522 bytes 38571 (37.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 522 bytes 38571 (37.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
我们下面对bond0添加一个ip别名:
root@ocsdb1[/root]#ifconfig bond0:1 192.168.254.133 broadcast 192.168.254.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
root@ocsdb1[/root]#route add -host 192.168.254.133 dev bond0:1
此时在ifconfig -a时在bond0上多了一个子设备bond0:1:
root@ocsdb1[/root]#ifconfig -a
bond0: flags=5187<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MASTER,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.254.131 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.254.255
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:feda:c3d5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:da:c3:d5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2296 bytes 239627 (234.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1066 bytes 231353 (225.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
bond0:1: flags=5187<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MASTER,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.254.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.254.255
ether 08:00:27:da:c3:d5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
enp0s3: flags=6211<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SLAVE,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 08:00:27:da:c3:d5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2026 bytes 220749 (215.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1066 bytes 231353 (225.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s8: flags=6211<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SLAVE,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 08:00:27:da:c3:d5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 270 bytes 18878 (18.4 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s9: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 193.169.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 193.169.1.255
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe0a:d873 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:0a:d8:73 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 252 bytes 17772 (17.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 14 bytes 1008 (1008.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s10: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 193.169.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 193.169.2.255
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fecf:4b94 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:cf:4b:94 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 257 bytes 18072 (17.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 14 bytes 1008 (1008.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 541 bytes 40767 (39.8 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 541 bytes 40767 (39.8 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
此时通过其它服务器就可以ping通这个ip地址了:
root@ocsdb2[/root]#ping 192.168.254.133
PING 192.168.254.133 (192.168.254.133) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.254.133: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.276 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.254.133: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.333 ms
^C
--- 192.168.254.133 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.276/0.304/0.333/0.033 ms
root@ocsdb2[/root]#
但是只通过ifconfig和route命令配置的ip别名在系统重启后就会消失。因此我们需要修改文件 /etc/rc.local,让ifconfig和routr,命令在系统开机时自动运行。
vi /etc/rc.local
在文件中写入
ifconfig bond0:1 192.168.254.133 broadcast 192.168.254.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
route add -host 192.168.254.133 dev bond0:1
保存退出即可。
参考自:https://blog.csdn.net/ldwtill/article/details/8525835