在大多数的情况下,我们需要在库表中保存大型字符串,或者二进制数据(如:图片)。Hibernate提供这样的机制:Blob(图片),Clob(大型字符串);
Blob和Clob的区别在于:Blob字段采用单字节存储,适合保存二进制数据,如图片等;
Clob字段采用多字节存储,适合保存大型文本数据;
Blob和Clob在各种不同的数据库中都有自己各自的实现;
例:tUser.java
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.Blob;
import java.sql.Clob;
public class Tuser implements Serializable {
private Integer tId;
private String tName;
private Blob image;
private Clob info;
get()/set()...
}
属性文件:Tuser.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.keith"> <class name="Tuser" table="tUser"> <id name="tId" column="tId"> <generator class="native" /> </id> <property name="tName" column="tName"/> <property name="image" type="java.sql.Blob"></property> <property name="info" type="java.sql.Clob"></property> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
添加一条数据测试:
Tuser tUser = new Tuser();
tUser.settName("keith");
FileInputStream imges = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/T/Desktop/hankuko.png");
Blob img = Hibernate.createBlob(imges);
tUser.setImage(img);
Clob info = Hibernate.createClob("this is more info");
tUser.setInfo(info);
session.save(tUser);
以上的代码,我们通过Hibernate.createBlob()和Hibernate.createClob()创建了相应的Blob和Clob对象,其中Blob对象基于一个FileInputStream构建,而Clob对象基于一个字符串构建;
下面来对上面插入的数据进行读取:
Tuser tUser = (Tuser) session.load(Tuser.class, new Integer(1));
Clob info = tUser.getInfo();
System.out.println("user's info:"+info.getSubString(1, (int) info.length()));
Blob image = tUser.getImage();
InputStream is = image.getBinaryStream();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("C:/Users/T/Desktop/hankuko1.png");
byte[] buf = new byte[102400];
int len;
while ((len = is.read(buf))!=-1) {
fos.write(buf,0,len);
}
fos.close();
is.close();
《hibernate深入浅出中》指出并不是每种数据库都支持这种读法(这个实例是在mysql下操作的),在oracle中就可能会出数据库不允许操作的异常:streams type cannot be used in batching;遇到这中情况的话,在hibernate.cfg.xml中加入:
<property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">0</property>
还是会出现异常,是因为在Oracle中对Blob/Clob有独特的访问方式,Oracle的Blob/Clob字段本身有一个游标(cursor),JDBC必须通过游标对Blob/Clob字段进行操作,这样的话,我们就得先创建一个空的Blob/Clob字段,再从这个空的Blob/CLob字段获取游标,写入我们所期望保存的数据;
Tuser tUser = new Tuser();
tUser.settName("keith");
tUser.setImage(Hibernate.createBlob(new byte[1]));
tUser.setInfo(Hibernate.createClob(" "));
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.flush();
//通过refresh()让强制让Hibernate执行Select for update
session.refresh(tUser,LockMode.UPGRADE);
oracle.sql.Blob blob = (oracle.sql.Blob)tUser.getImage();
OutputStream out = blob.getBinaryOutputStreamStream();
FileInputStream image = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/T/Desktop/hankuko1.png");
byte[] buf = new byte[102400];
int len;
while ((len = image.read(buf))!=-1) {
image.write(buf,0,len);
}
image.close();
out.close();
oracle.sql.Clob clob = (oracle.sql.Blob)tUser.getInfo();
java.io.Writer writer = clob.getCharacterOutputStream();
writer.write("this is my Info");
writer.close();
session.save(tUser);
session.getTransaction().commit();
Oracle没有经过试验!